No Arabic abstract
We provide a detailed analysis of the obstruction (studied first by S. Durand and later by R. Yin and one of us) in the construction of multidirectional wavelet orthonormal bases corresponding to any admissible frequency partition in the framework of subband filtering with non-uniform subsampling. To contextualize our analysis, we build, in particular, multidirectional alias-free hexagonal wavelet bases and low-redundancy frames with optimal spatial decay. In addition, we show that a 2D cutting lemma can be used to subdivide the obtained wavelet systems in higher frequency rings so as to generate bases or frames that satisfy the ``parabolic scaling law enjoyed by curvelets and shearlets. Numerical experiments on high bit-rate image compression are conducted to illustrate the potential of the proposed systems.
Positive interpolatory cubature formulas (CFs) are constructed for quite general integration domains and weight functions. These CFs are exact for general vector spaces of continuous real-valued functions that contain constants. At the same time, the number of data points -- all of which lie inside the domain of integration -- and cubature weights -- all positive -- is less or equal to the dimension of that vector space. The existence of such CFs has been ensured by Tchakaloff in 1957. Yet, to the best of the authors knowledge, this work is the first to provide a procedure to successfully construct them.
Lagrange functions are localized bases that have many applications in signal processing and data approximation. Their structure and fast decay make them excellent tools for constructing approximations. Here, we propose perturbations of Lagrange functions on graphs that maintain the nice properties of Lagrange functions while also having the added benefit of being locally supported. Moreover, their local construction means that they can be computed in parallel, and they are easily implemented via quasi-interpolation.
We propose a new Lagrange multiplier approach to construct positivity preserving schemes for parabolic type equations. The new approach introduces a space-time Lagrange multiplier to enforce the positivity with the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. We then use a predictor-corrector approach to construct a class of positivity schemes: with a generic semi-implicit or implicit scheme as the prediction step, and the correction step, which enforces the positivity, can be implemented with negligible cost. We also present a modification which allows us to construct schemes which, in addition to positivity preserving, is also mass conserving. This new approach is not restricted to any particular spatial discretization and can be combined with various time discretization schemes. We establish stability results for our first- and second-order schemes under a general setting, and present ample numerical results to validate the new approach.
A high-order accurate quadrature rule for the discretization of boundary integral equations (BIEs) on closed smooth contours in the plane is introduced. This quadrature can be viewed as a hybrid of the spectral quadrature of Kress (1991) and the locally corrected trapezoidal quadrature of Kapur and Rokhlin (1997). The new technique combines the strengths of both methods, and attains high-order convergence, numerical stability, ease of implementation, and compatibility with the fast algorithms (such as the Fast Multipole Method or Fast Direct Solvers). Important connections between the punctured trapezoidal rule and the Riemann zeta function are introduced, which enable a complete convergence analysis and lead to remarkably simple procedures for constructing the quadrature corrections. The paper reports a detailed comparison between the new method and the methods of Kress, of Kapur and Rokhlin, and of Alpert (1999).
We investigate the problem of recovering jointly $r$-rank and $s$-bisparse matrices from as few linear measurements as possible, considering arbitrary measurements as well as rank-one measurements. In both cases, we show that $m asymp r s ln(en/s)$ measurements make the recovery possible in theory, meaning via a nonpractical algorithm. In case of arbitrary measurements, we investigate the possibility of achieving practical recovery via an iterative-hard-thresholding algorithm when $m asymp r s^gamma ln(en/s)$ for some exponent $gamma > 0$. We show that this is feasible for $gamma = 2$, and that the proposed analysis cannot cover the case $gamma leq 1$. The precise value of the optimal exponent $gamma in [1,2]$ is the object of a question, raised but unresolved in this paper, about head projections for the jointly low-rank and bisparse structure. Some related questions are partially answered in passing. For rank-one measurements, we suggest on arcane grounds an iterative-hard-thresholding algorithm modified to exploit the nonstandard restricted isometry property obeyed by this type of measurements.