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Symplectic resolutions of character varieties

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 Added by Gwyn Bellamy
 Publication date 2019
  fields
and research's language is English




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In this article we consider the connected component of the identity of $G$-character varieties of compact Riemann surfaces of genus $g > 0$, for connected complex reductive groups $G$ of type $A$ (e.g., $SL_n$ and $GL_n$). We show that these varieties are symplectic singularities and classify which admit symplectic resolutions. The classification reduces to the semi-simple case, where we show that a resolution exists if and only if either $g=1$ and $G$ is a product of special linear groups of any rank and copies of the group $PGL_2$, or if $g=2$ and $G = (SL_2)^m$ for some $m$.



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We calculate the E-polynomial for a class of the (complex) character varieties $mathcal{M}_n^{tau}$ associated to a genus $g$ Riemann surface $Sigma$ equipped with an orientation reversing involution $tau$. Our formula expresses the generating function $sum_{n=1}^{infty} E(mathcal{M}_n^{tau}) T^n$ as the plethystic logarithm of a product of sums indexed by Young diagrams. The proof uses point counting over finite fields, emulating Hausel and Rodriguez-Villegas.
We study the algebraic symplectic geometry of multiplicative quiver varieties, which are moduli spaces of representations of certain quiver algebras, introduced by Crawley-Boevey and Shaw, called multiplicative preprojective algebras. They are multiplicative analogues of Nakajima quiver varieties. They include character varieties of (open) Riemann surfaces fixing conjugacy class closures of the monodromies around punctures, when the quiver is crab-shaped. We prove that, under suitable hypotheses on the dimension vector of the representations, or the conjugacy classes of monodromies in the character variety case, the normalisations of such moduli spaces are symplectic singularities and that the existence of a symplectic resolution depends on a combinatorial condition on the quiver and the dimension vector. These results are analogous to those obtained by Bellamy and the first author in the ordinary quiver variety case, and for character varieties of closed Riemann surfaces. At the end of the paper, we outline some conjectural generalisations to moduli spaces of objects in 2-Calabi--Yau categories.
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