The results of an amplitude analysis of the charmless three-body decay $B^+ rightarrow pi^+pi^+pi^-$, in which $C!P$-violation effects are taken into account, are reported. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3 text{fb}^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions recorded with the LHCb detector. The most challenging aspect of the analysis is the description of the behaviour of the $pi^+ pi^-$ S-wave contribution, which is achieved by using three complementary approaches based on the isobar model, the K-matrix formalism, and a quasi-model-independent procedure. Additional resonant contributions for all three methods are described using a common isobar model, and include the $rho(770)^0$, $omega(782)$ and $rho(1450)^0$ resonances in the $pi^+pi^-$ P-wave, the $f_2(1270)$ resonance in the $pi^+pi^-$ D-wave, and the $rho_3(1690)^0$ resonance in the $pi^+pi^-$ F-wave. Significant $C!P$-violation effects are observed in both S- and D-waves, as well as in the interference between the S- and P-waves. The results from all three approaches agree and provide new insight into the dynamics and the origin of $C!P$-violation effects in $B^+ rightarrow pi^+pi^+pi^-$ decays.
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