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Register a new userCrossover from weak to strong quench in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate
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We investigate the early-time dynamics of a quasi-two-dimensional spin-1 antiferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate after a sudden quench from the easy-plane to the easy-axis polar phase. The post-quench dynamics shows a crossover behavior as the quench strength $tilde{q}$ is increased, where $tilde{q}$ is defined as the ratio of the initial excitation energy per particle to the characteristic spin interaction energy. For a weak quench of $tilde{q}<1$, long-wavelength spin excitations are dominantly generated, leading to the formation of irregular spin domains. With increasing $tilde{q}$, the length scale of the initial spin excitations decreases, and we demonstrate that the long-wavelength instability is strongly suppressed for high $tilde{q}>2$. The observed crossover behavior is found to be consistent with the Bogoliubov description of the dynamic instability of the initial spinor condensate.
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We measure the mass, gap, and magnetic moment of a magnon in the ferromagnetic $F=1$ spinor Bose-Einstein condensate of $^{87}$Rb. We find an unusually heavy magnon mass of $1.038(2)_mathrm{stat}(8)_mathrm{sys}$ times the atomic mass, as determined by interfering standing and running coherent magnon waves within the dense and trapped condensed gas. This measurement is shifted significantly from theoretical estimates. The magnon energy gap of $htimes 2.5(1)_mathrm{stat}(2)_mathrm{sys};mathrm{Hz}$ and the effective magnetic moment of $-1.04(2)_mathrm{stat}(8),mu_textrm{bare}$ times the atomic magnetic moment are consistent with mean-field predictions. The nonzero energy gap arises from magnetic dipole-dipole interactions.
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