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Quantum thermodynamics in a static de Sitter space-time and initial state of the universe

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 Added by Mauricio Bellini
 Publication date 2019
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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Using Relativistic Quantum Geometry we study back-reaction effects of space-time inside the causal horizon of a static de Sitter metric, in order to make a quantum thermodynamical description of space-time. We found a finite number of discrete energy levels for a scalar field from a polynomial condition of the confluent hypergeometric functions expanded around $r=0$. As in the previous work, we obtain that the uncertainty principle is valid for each energy level on sub-horizon scales of space-time. We found that temperature and entropy are dependent on the number of sub-states on each energys level and the Bekenstein-Hawking temperature of each energy level is recovered when the number of sub-states of a given level tends to infinity. We propose that the primordial state of the universe could be described by a de Sitter metric with Planck energy $E_p=m_p,c^2$, and a B-H temperature: $T_{BH}=left(frac{hbar,c}{2pi,l_p,K_B}right)$.

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We study the free massive scalar field in de Sitter spacetime with static charts. In particular, we find positive-frequency modes for the Bunch-Davies vacuum state natural to the static charts as superpositions of the well-known positive-frequency modes in the conformally-flat chart. We discuss in detail how these modes are defined globally in the two static charts and the region in their future. The global structure of these solutions leads to the well-known description of the Bunch-Davies vacuum state as an entangled state. Our results are expected to be useful not only for studying the thermal properties in the vacuum fluctuations in de Sitter spacetime but also for understanding the nonlocal properties of the vacuum state.
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The method of adiabatic invariants for time dependent Hamiltonians is applied to a massive scalar field in a de Sitter space-time. The scalar field ground state, its Fock space and coherent states are constructed and related to the particle states. Diverse quantities of physical interest are illustrated, such as particle creation and the way a classical probability distribution emerges for the system at late times.
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The stability of black holes and solitons in d-dimensional Anti-de Sitter space-time against scalar field condensation is discussed. The resulting solutions are hairy black holes and solitons, respectively. In particular, we will discuss static black hole solutions with hyperbolic, flat and spherical horizon topology and emphasize that two different type of instabilities exist depending on whether the scalar field is charged or uncharged, respectively. We will also discuss the influence of Gauss-Bonnet curvature terms. The results have applications within the AdS/CFT correspondence and describe e.g. holographic insulator/conductor/superconductor phase transitions.
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