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Coloring invariants of knots and links are often intractable

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 Added by Greg Kuperberg
 Publication date 2019
and research's language is English




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Let $G$ be a nonabelian, simple group with a nontrivial conjugacy class $C subseteq G$. Let $K$ be a diagram of an oriented knot in $S^3$, thought of as computational input. We show that for each such $G$ and $C$, the problem of counting homomorphisms $pi_1(S^3setminus K) to G$ that send meridians of $K$ to $C$ is almost parsimoniously $mathsf{#P}$-complete. This work is a sequel to a previous result by the authors that counting homomorphisms from fundamental groups of integer homology 3-spheres to $G$ is almost parsimoniously $mathsf{#P}$-complete. Where we previously used mapping class groups actions on closed, unmarked surfaces, we now use braid group actions.



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