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Register a new userAnderson localization for electric quantum walks and skew-shift CMV matrices
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Added by
Christopher Cedzich
Publication date
2019
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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We consider the spectral and dynamical properties of one-dimensional quantum walks placed into homogenous electric fields according to a discrete version of the minimal coupling principle. We show that for all irrational fields the absolutely continuous spectrum of these systems is empty, and prove Anderson localization for almost all (irrational) fields. This result closes a gap which was left open in the original study of electric quantum walks: a spectral and dynamical characterization of these systems for typical fields. Additionally, we derive an analytic and explicit expression for the Lyapunov exponent of this model. Making use of a connection between quantum walks and CMV matrices our result implies Anderson localization for CMV matrices with a particular choice of skew-shift Verblunsky coefficients as well as for quasi-periodic unitary band matrices.
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We consider large Hermitian matrices whose entries are defined by evaluating the exponential function along orbits of the skew-shift $binom{j}{2} omega+jy+x mod 1$ for irrational $omega$. We prove that the eigenvalue distribution of these matrices converges to the corresponding distribution from random matrix theory on the global scale, namely, the Wigner semicircle law for square matrices and the Marchenko-Pastur law for rectangular matrices. The results evidence the quasi-random nature of the skew-shift dynamics which was observed in other contexts by Bourgain-Goldstein-Schlag and Rudnick-Sarnak-Zaharescu.
It is known that a one-dimensional quantum particle is localized when subjected to an arbitrarily weak random potential. It is conjectured that localization also occurs for an arbitrarily weak potential generated from the nonlinear skew-shift dynamics: $v_n=2cosleft(binom{n}{2}omega +ny+xright)$ with $omega$ an irrational number. Recently, Han, Schlag, and the second author derived a finite-size criterion in the case when $omega$ is the golden mean, which allows to derive the positivity of the infinite-volume Lyapunov exponent from three conditions imposed at a fixed, finite scale. Here we numerically verify the two conditions among these that are amenable to computer calculations.
Reflectionless CMV matrices are studied using scattering theory. By changing a single Verblunsky coefficient a full-line CMV matrix can be decoupled and written as the sum of two half-line operators. Explicit formulas for the scattering matrix associated to the coupled and decoupled operators are derived. In particular, it is shown that a CMV matrix is reflectionless iff the scattering matrix is off-diagonal which in turn provides a short proof of an important result of [Breuer-Ryckman-Simon]. These developments parallel those recently obtained for Jacobi matrices.
A new KAM-style proof of Anderson localization is obtained. A sequence of local rotations is defined, such that off-diagonal matrix elements of the Hamiltonian are driven rapidly to zero. This leads to the first proof via multi-scale analysis of exponential decay of the eigenfunction correlator (this implies strong dynamical localization). The method has been used in recent work on many-body localization [arXiv:1403.7837].
We apply the method of skew-orthogonal polynomials (SOP) in the complex plane to asymmetric random matrices with real elements, belonging to two different classes. Explicit integral representations valid for arbitrary weight functions are derived for the SOP and for their Cauchy transforms, given as expectation values of traces and determinants or their inverses, respectively. Our proof uses the fact that the joint probability distribution function for all combinations of real eigenvalues and complex conjugate eigenvalue pairs can be written as a product. Examples for the SOP are given in terms of Laguerre polynomials for the chiral ensemble (also called the non-Hermitian real Wishart-Laguerre ensemble), both without and with the insertion of characteristic polynomials. Such characteristic polynomials play the role of mass terms in applications to complex Dirac spectra in field theory. In addition, for the elliptic real Ginibre ensemble we recover the SOP of Forrester and Nagao in terms of Hermite polynomials.
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