No Arabic abstract
We present physical properties of radio galaxies (RGs) with $f_{rm 1.4 GHz} >$ 1 mJy discovered by Subaru Hyper Supreme-Cam (HSC) and VLA Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST) survey. For 1056 FIRST RGs at $0 < z leq 1.7$ with HSC counterparts in about 100 deg$^2$, we compiled multi-wavelength data of optical, near-infrared (IR), mid-IR, far-IR, and radio (150 MHz). We derived their color excess ($E (B-V)_{*}$), stellar mass, star formation rate (SFR), IR luminosity, the ratio of IR and radio luminosity ($q_{rm IR}$), and radio spectral index ($alpha_{rm radio}$) that are derived from the SED fitting with CIGALE. We also estimated Eddington ratio based on stellar mass and integration of the best-fit SEDs of AGN component. We found that $E (B-V)_{*}$, SFR, and IR luminosity clearly depend on redshift while stellar mass, $q_{rm IR}$, and $alpha_{rm radio}$ do not significantly depend on redshift. Since optically-faint ($i_{rm AB} geq 21.3$) RGs that are newly discovered by our RG survey tend to be high redshift, they tend to not only have a large dust extinction and low stellar mass but also have high SFR and AGN luminosity, high IR luminosity, and high Eddington ratio compared to optically-bright ones. The physical properties of a fraction of RGs in our sample seem to differ from a classical view of RGs with massive stellar mass, low SFR, and low Eddington ratio, demonstrating that our RG survey with HSC and FIRST provides us curious RGs among entire RG population.
We report the result of optical identifications of FIRST radio sources with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program survey (HSC-SSP). The positional cross-match within 1 between the FIRST and HSC-SSP catalogs (i ~< 26) produced more than 3600 optical counterparts in the 156 deg^2 of the HSC-SSP field. The matched counterparts account for more than 50% of the FIRST sources in the search field, which substantially exceed previously reported fractions of SDSS counterparts (i ~< 22) of ~30%. Among the matched sample, 9% are optically unresolved sources such as radio-loud quasars. The optically faint (i > 21) radio galaxies (RGs) show that the fitting linear function of the 1.4 GHz source counts has a slope that is flatter than that of the bright RGs, while optically faint radio quasars show a slope steeper than that of bright radio quasars. The optically faint RGs show a flat slope in the i-band number counts down to 24 mag, implying either less massive or distant radio-active galactic nuclei (AGNs) beyond 24 mag. The photometric redshift and the comparison of colors with the galaxy models show that most of the matched RGs are distributed at redshifts from 0 to 1.5. The optically faint sample includes the high radio-loudness sources that are not seen in the optically bright sample. Such sources are located at redshift z > 1. This study gives ~1500 radio AGNs lying at the optically faint end and high-redshift regime not probed by previous searches.
We report a discovery of $z = 4.72$ radio galaxy, HSC J083913.17+011308.1, by using the Lyman break technique with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Survey (HSC-SSP) catalog for VLA FIRST radio sources. The number of known high-$z$ radio galaxies (HzRGs) at $z > 3$ is quite small to constrain the evolution of HzRGs so far. The deep and wide-area optical survey by HSC-SSP enables us to apply the Lyman break technique to a large search for HzRGs. For an HzRG candidate among pre-selected $r$-band dropouts with a radio detection, a follow-up optical spectroscopy with GMOS/Gemini has been performed. The obtained spectrum presents a clear Ly$alpha$ emission line redshifted to $z=4.72$. The SED fitting analysis with the rest-frame UV and optical photometries suggests the massive nature of this HzRG with $log{M_*/M_{odot}} = 11.4$. The small equivalent width of Ly$alpha$ and the moderately red UV colors indicate its dusty host galaxy, implying a chemically evolved and dusty system. The radio spectral index does not meet a criterion for an ultra-steep spectrum: $alpha^{325}_{1400}$ of $-1.1$ and $alpha^{150}_{1400}$ of $-0.9$, demonstrating that the HSC-SSP survey compensates for a sub-population of HzRGs which are missed in surveys focusing on an ultra-steep spectral index.
We present the optical and infrared properties of 39 extremely radio-loud galaxies discovered by cross-matching the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) deep optical imaging survey and VLA/FIRST 1.4 GHz radio survey. The recent Subaru/HSC strategic survey revealed optically-faint radio galaxies (RG) down to $g_mathrm{AB} sim 26$, opening a new parameter space of extremely radio-loud galaxies (ERGs) with radio-loudness parameter of $log mathcal{R}_mathrm{rest} = log (f_{1.4 mathrm{GHz,rest}}/f_{g,mathrm{rest}}) >4$. Because of their optical faintness and small number density of $sim1~$deg$^{-2}$, such ERGs were difficult to find in the previous wide but shallow, or deep but small area optical surveys. ERGs show intriguing properties that are different from the conventional RGs: (1) most ERGs reside above or on the star-forming main-sequence, and some of them might be low-mass galaxies with $log (M_star/M_odot) < 10$. (2) ERGs exhibit a high specific black hole accretion rate, reaching the order of the Eddington limit. The intrinsic radio-loudness ($mathcal{R}_mathrm{int}$), defined by the ratio of jet power over bolometric radiation luminosity, is one order of magnitude higher than that of radio quasars. This suggests that ERGs harbor a unique type of active galactic nuclei (AGN) that show both powerful radiations and jets. Therefore, ERGs are prominent candidates of very rapidly growing black holes reaching Eddington-limited accretion just before the onset of intensive AGN feedback.
We study the dust properties of 192 nearby galaxies from the JINGLE survey using photometric data in the 22-850micron range. We derive the total dust mass, temperature T and emissivity index beta of the galaxies through the fitting of their spectral energy distribution (SED) using a single modified black-body model (SMBB). We apply a hierarchical Bayesian approach that reduces the known degeneracy between T and beta. Applying the hierarchical approach, the strength of the T-beta anti-correlation is reduced from a Pearson correlation coefficient R=-0.79 to R=-0.52. For the JINGLE galaxies we measure dust temperatures in the range 17-30 K and dust emissivity indices beta in the range 0.6-2.2. We compare the SMBB model with the broken emissivity modified black-body (BMBB) and the two modified black-bodies (TMBB) models. The results derived with the SMBB and TMBB are in good agreement, thus applying the SMBB, which comes with fewer free parameters, does not penalize the measurement of the cold dust properties in the JINGLE sample. We investigate the relation between T and beta and other global galaxy properties in the JINGLE and Herschel Reference Survey (HRS) sample. We find that beta correlates with the stellar mass surface density (R=0.62) and anti-correlates with the HI mass fraction (M(HI)/M*, R=-0.65), whereas the dust temperature correlates strongly with the SFR normalized by the dust mass (R=0.73). These relations can be used to estimate T and beta in galaxies with insufficient photometric data available to measure them directly through SED fitting.
We present results from the first twelve months of operation of Radio Galaxy Zoo, which upon completion will enable visual inspection of over 170,000 radio sources to determine the host galaxy of the radio emission and the radio morphology. Radio Galaxy Zoo uses $1.4,$GHz radio images from both the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty Centimeters (FIRST) and the Australia Telescope Large Area Survey (ATLAS) in combination with mid-infrared images at $3.4,mu$m from the {it Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer} (WISE) and at $3.6,mu$m from the {it Spitzer Space Telescope}. We present the early analysis of the WISE mid-infrared colours of the host galaxies. For images in which there is $>,75%$ consensus among the Radio Galaxy Zoo cross-identifications, the project participants are as effective as the science experts at identifying the host galaxies. The majority of the identified host galaxies reside in the mid-infrared colour space dominated by elliptical galaxies, quasi-stellar objects (QSOs), and luminous infrared radio galaxies (LIRGs). We also find a distinct population of Radio Galaxy Zoo host galaxies residing in a redder mid-infrared colour space consisting of star-forming galaxies and/or dust-enhanced non star-forming galaxies consistent with a scenario of merger-driven active galactic nuclei (AGN) formation. The completion of the full Radio Galaxy Zoo project will measure the relative populations of these hosts as a function of radio morphology and power while providing an avenue for the identification of rare and extreme radio structures. Currently, we are investigating candidates for radio galaxies with extreme morphologies, such as giant radio galaxies, late-type host galaxies with extended radio emission, and hybrid morphology radio sources.