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Register a new userContact structures induced by skew fibrations of R^3
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Authors
Michael Harrison
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A smooth fibration of $mathbb{R}^3$ by oriented lines is given by a smooth unit vector field $V$ on $mathbb{R}^3$, for which all of the integral curves are oriented lines. Such a fibration is called skew if no two fibers are parallel, and it is called nondegenerate if $ abla V$ vanishes only in the direction of $V$. Nondegeneracy is a form of local skewness, though in fact any nondegenerate fibration is globally skew. Nondegenerate and skew fibrations have each been recently studied, from both geometric and topological perspectives, in part due to their close relationship with great circle fibrations of $S^3$. Any fibration of $mathbb{R}^3$ by oriented lines induces a plane field on $mathbb{R}^3$, obtained by taking the orthogonal plane to the unique line through each point. We show that the plane field induced by any nondegenerate fibration is a tight contact structure. For contactness we require a new characterization of nondegenerate fibrations, whereas the proof of tightness employs a recent result of Etnyre, Komendarczyk, and Massot on tightness in contact metric 3-manifolds. We conclude with some examples which highlight relationships among great circle fibrations, nondegenerate fibrations, skew fibrations, and the contact structures associated to fibrations.
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A fibration of $mathbb{R}^3$ by oriented lines is given by a unit vector field $V : mathbb{R}^3 to S^2$, for which all of the integral curves are oriented lines. A line fibration is called skew if no two fibers are parallel. Skew fibrations have been the focus of recent study, in part due to their close relationships with great circle fibrations of $S^3$ and with tight contact structures on $mathbb{R}^3$. Both geometric and topological classifications of the space of skew fibrations have appeared; these classifications rely on certain rigid geometric properties exhibited by skew fibrations. Here we study these properties for line fibrations which are not necessarily skew, and we offer some partial answers to the question: in what sense do nonskew fibrations look and behave like skew fibrations? We develop and utilize a technique, called the parallel plane pushoff, for studying nonskew fibrations. In addition, we summarize the known relationship between line fibrations and contact structures, and we extend these results to give a complete correspondence. Finally, we develop a technique for generating nonskew fibrations and offer a number of examples.
In this paper, we find infinite hyperbolic 3-manifolds that admit no weakly symplectically fillable contact structures, using tools in Heegaard Floer theory. We also remark that part of these manifolds do admit tight contact structures.
A fibration of ${mathbb R}^n$ by oriented copies of ${mathbb R}^p$ is called skew if no two fibers intersect nor contain parallel directions. Conditions on $p$ and $n$ for the existence of such a fibration were given by Ovsienko and Tabachnikov. A classification of smooth fibrations of ${mathbb R}^3$ by skew oriented lines was given by Salvai, in analogue with the classification of oriented great circle fibrations of $S^3$ by Gluck and Warner. We show that Salvais classification has a topological variation which generalizes to characterize all continuous fibrations of ${mathbb R}^n$ by skew oriented copies of ${mathbb R}^p$. We show that the space of fibrations of ${mathbb R}^3$ by skew oriented lines deformation retracts to the subspace of Hopf fibrations, and therefore has the homotopy type of a pair of disjoint copies of $S^2$. We discuss skew fibrations in the complex and quaternionic setting and give a necessary condition for the existence of a fibration of ${mathbb C}^n$ (${mathbb H}^n$) by skew oriented copies of ${mathbb C}^p$ (${mathbb H}^p$).
For some geometries including symplectic and contact structures on an n-dimensional manifold, we introduce a two-step approach to Gromovs h-principle. From formal geometric data, the first step builds a transversely geometric Haefliger structure of codimension n. This step works on all manifolds, even closed. The second step, which works only on open manifolds and for all geometries, regularizes the intermediate Haefliger structure and produces a genuine geometric structure. Both steps admit relative parametri
Recently, there have been several breakthroughs in the classification of tight contact structures. We give an outline on how to exploit methods developed by Ko Honda and John Etnyre to obtain classification results for specific examples of small Seifert manifolds.
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