No Arabic abstract
Motivated by recent STM experiments, we explore the magnetic field induced Kondo effect that takes place at symmetry protected level crossings in finite Co adatom chains. We argue that the effective two-level system realized at a level crossing acts as an extended impurity coupled to the conduction electrons of the substrate by a distribution of Kondo couplings at the sites of the chain. Using auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo simulations, which quantitatively reproduce the field dependence of the zero-bias signal, we show that a proper Kondo resonance is present at the sites where the effective Kondo coupling dominates. Our modeling and numerical simulations provide a theoretical basis for the interpretation of the STM spectrum in terms of level crossings of the Co adatom chains.
We investigate the many-body effects of a magnetic adatom in ferromagnetic graphene by using the numerical renormalization group method. The nontrivial band dispersion of ferromagnetic graphene gives rise to interesting Kondo physics different from that in conventional ferromagnetic materials. For a half-filled impurity in undoped graphene, the presence of ferromagnetism can bring forth Kondo correlations, yielding two kink structures in the local spectral function near the Fermi energy. When the spin splitting of local occupations is compensated by an external magnetic field, the two Kondo kinks merge into a full Kondo resonance characterizing the fully screened ground state. Strikingly, we find the resulting Kondo temperature monotonically increases with the spin polarization of Dirac electrons, which violates the common sense that ferromagnetic bands are usually detrimental to Kondo correlations. Doped ferromagnetic graphene can behave as half metals, where its density of states at the Fermi energy linearly vanishes for one spin direction but keeps finite for the opposite direction. In this regime, we demonstrate an abnormal Kondo resonance that occurs in the first spin direction, while completely absent in the other one.
Using a numerically exact first-principles many-body approach, we revisit the prototypical Kondo case of a cobalt impurity on copper. Even though this is considered a well understood example of the Kondo effect, we reveal an unexpectedly strong dependence of the screening properties on the parametrization of the local Coulomb tensor. As a consequence, the Kondo temperature can vary by orders of magnitude depending on the complexity of the parametrization of the electron-electron interaction. Further, we challenge the established picture of a spin-$1$ moment involving two cobalt $d$-orbitals only, as orbital-mixing interaction terms boost the contribution of the remainder of the $d$-shell.
We analyze the conduction bands of the one dimensional noble-metal chains that contain a Co magnetic impurity by means of ab initio calculations. We compare the results obtained for Cu and Ag pure chains, as well as O doped Cu, Ag and Au chains with those previously found for Au pure chains. We find similar results in the case of Cu and Au hosts, whereas for Ag chains a different behavior is obtained. Differences and similarities among the different systems are analyzed by comparing the electronic structure of the three noble-metal hosts. The d-orbitals of Cu chains at the Fermi level have the same symmetry as in the case of Au chains. These orbitals hybridize with the corresponding ones of the Co impurity, giving rise to the possibility of exhibiting a two-channel Kondo physics.
We examine the exchange Hamiltonian for magnetic adatoms in graphene with localized inner shell states. On symmetry grounds, we predict the existence of a class of orbitals that lead to a distinct class of quantum critical points in graphene, where the Kondo temperature scales as $T_{K}propto|J-J_{c}|^{1/3}$ near the critical coupling $J_{c}$, and the local spin is effectively screened by a emph{super-ohmic} bath. For this class, the RKKY interaction decays spatially with a fast power law $sim1/R^{7}$. Away from half filling, we show that the exchange coupling in graphene can be controlled across the quantum critical region by gating. We propose that the vicinity of the Kondo quantum critical point can be directly accessed with scanning tunneling probes and gating.
We consider the Kondo effect arising from a hydrogen impurity in graphene. As a first approximation, the strong covalent bond to a carbon atom removes that carbon atom without breaking the $C_{3}$ rotation symmetry, and we only retain the Hubbard interaction on the three nearest neighbors of the removed carbon atom which then behave as magnetic impurities. These three impurity spins are coupled to three conduction channels with definite helicity, two of which support a diverging local density of states (LDOS) $propto 1/ [ | omega | ln ^{2}( Lambda /| omega | ) ] $ near the Dirac point $omega rightarrow 0$ even though the bulk density of states vanishes linearly. We study the resulting 3-impurity multi-channel Kondo model using the numerical renormalization group method. For weak potential scattering, the ground state of the Kondo model is a particle-hole symmetric spin-$1/2$ doublet, with ferromagnetic coupling between the three impurity spins; for moderate potential scattering, the ground state becomes a particle-hole asymmetric spin singlet, with antiferromagnetic coupling between the three impurity spins. This behavior is inherited by the Anderson model containing the hydrogen impurity and all four carbon atoms in its vicinity.