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Register a new userSolenoid: universal tool for measuring beam parameters
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Solenoids are frequently used for focusing of the low energy electron beams. In this paper we focus on using these magnets as a nearly universal tool for measuring beam parameters including energy, emittance, and the beam position and angle with respect to the solenoid axis. We describe in detail corresponding procedures as well as experimental results of such measurements.
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In the baseline design of the International Linear Collider (ILC) an undulator-based source is foreseen for the positron source in order to match the physics requirements. The baseline parameters are optimized for the ILC at sqrt(s)=500 GeV, that means an electron drive beam of 250 GeV. Precision measurements in the Higgs sector, however, require measurements at sqrt(s)=250 GeV, i.e. running with the electron drive beam only at 125 GeV, which imposes a challenge for achieving a high yield. Therefore the baseline undulator parameters have to be optimized as much as possible within their technical performances. In this bachelor thesis we therefore present a theoretical study on the radiation spectra of a helical undulator, based on the equation for the radiated synchrotron energy spectral density per solid angle per electron in the relativistic, far-field and point-like charge approximation. From this starting point the following undulator properties are examined: the deposited power in the undulator vessel, which can disrupt the functionality of the undulator magnets, the protective property of a mask on this disturbances and the number of positrons produced by the synchrotron radiation in a Ti6Al4V target. Those quantities were evaluated for various values for parameters as undulator period, undulator length and magnetic flux in order to find optimal baseline parameter sets for sqrt(s)=250 GeV.
This paper describes a time-marking system that enables a measurement of the in-plane (horizontal) polarization of a 0.97-GeV/c deuteron beam circulating in the Cooler Synchrotron (COSY) at the Forschungszentrum Julich. The clock time of each polarimeter event is used to unfold the 120-kHz spin precession and assign events to bins according to the direction of the horizontal polarization. After accumulation for one or more seconds, the down-up scattering asymmetry can be calculated for each direction and matched to a sinusoidal function whose magnitude is proportional to the horizontal polarization. This requires prior knowledge of the spin tune or polarization precession rate. An initial estimate is refined by re-sorting the events as the spin tune is adjusted across a narrow range and searching for the maximum polarization magnitude. The result is biased toward polarization values that are too large, in part because of statistical fluctuations but also because sinusoidal fits to even random data will produce sizeable magnitudes when the phase is left free to vary. An analysis procedure is described that matches the time dependence of the horizontal polarization to templates based on emittance-driven polarization loss while correcting for the positive bias. This information will be used to study ways to extend the horizontal polarization lifetime by correcting spin tune spread using ring sextupole fields and thereby to support the feasibility of searching for an intrinsic electric dipole moment using polarized beams in a storage ring. This paper is a combined effort of the Storage Ring EDM Collaboration and the JEDI Collaboration.
Realistic calculation of NLC luminosity has been performed using particle tracking in DIMAD and beam-beam simulations in GUINEA-PIG code for various values of beam emittance, energy and beta functions at the Interaction Point (IP). Results of the simulations are compared with analytic luminosity calculations. The optimum range of IP beta functions for high luminosity was identified.
An innovatory interaction region has been recently conceived and realized on the Frascati DA{Phi}NE lepton collider. The concept of tight focusing and small crossing angle adopted until now to achieve high luminosity in multibunch collisions has evolved towards enhanced beam focusing at the interaction point with large horizontal crossing angle, thanks to a new compensation mechanism for the beam-beam resonances. The novel configuration has been tested with a small detector without solenoidal field yielding a remarkable improvement in terms of peak as well as integrated luminosity. The high luminosity interaction region has now been modified to host a large detector with a strong solenoidal field which significantly perturbs the beam optics introducing new design challenges in terms of interaction region optics design, beam transverse coupling control and beam stay clear requirements
The Muon-to-Electron (Mu2e) experiment at Fermilab, will seek the evidence of direct muon to electron conversion at the sensitivity level where it cannot be explained by the Standard Model. An 8-GeV 25-kW proton beam will be directed onto a tilted gold target inside a large-bore superconducting Production Solenoid (PS) with the peak field on the axis of ~5T. The negative muons resulting from the pion decay will be captured in the PS aperture and directed by an S-shaped Transport Solenoid towards the stopping target inside the Detector Solenoid. In order for the superconducting magnets to operate reliably and with a sufficient safety margin, the peak neutron flux entering the coils must be reduced by 3 orders of magnitude that is achieved by means of a sophisticated absorber placed in the magnet aperture. The proposed absorber, consisting of W- and Cu-based alloy parts, is optimized for the performance and cost. Results of MARS15 simulations of energy deposition and radiation are reported. The results of the PS magnet thermal analysis, coordinated with the coil cooling scheme, are reported as well for the selected absorber design.
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