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Register a new userQuantum 3: Learning QCD through Intuitive Play
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There is a nationwide drive to get more girls into physics and coding, and some educators believe gaming could be a way to get girls interested in coding and STEM topics. This project, sponsored by NSF, is to create a QCD game that will raise public interest in QCD, especially among K-12 girls, and increase interest in coding among girls. Through the immersive framework of interactive gameplay, this QCD phone game will allow the public to peek into the QCD research world. The game design will fall into the Match 3 genre, which typically attracts a higher ratio of female players. The game will be implemented initially as a phone app, and the gameplay would require learning simple QCD rules to progress. By leveraging the willingness of players to engage with the rules of an entertaining game, they are able to easily learn a few principles of physics. The game is now available to download from the Google Play store (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.gellab.quantum3) and the Apple Appstore (https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/quantum-3/id1406630529)! We formed a development team of MSU undergraduate students to make the game and provided them with a QCD curriculum. The game will be tested at MSU outreach activities, as well as among local K-12 girls through school activities, and feedback will be used to improve the design. The final game can be easily distributed through various app stores and impact will be measured through a follow-up survey. If such a new direction works to attract more girls to coding and physics, one should develop more games to engage more girls in STEM.
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We extract directly (for the first time) the charmed (C=1) and bottom (B=-1) heavy-baryons (spin 1/2 and 3/2) mass-splittings due to SU(3) breaking using double ratios of QCD spectral sum rules (QSSR) in full QCD, which are less sensitive to the exact value and definition of the heavy quark mass, to the perturbative radiative corrections and to the QCD continuum contributions than the simple ratios commonly used for determining the heavy baryon masses. Noticing that most of the mass-splittings are mainly controlled by the ratio kappa= <bar ss>/<bar dd> of the condensate, we extract this ratio, by allowing 1 sigma deviation from the observed masses of the Xi_{c,b} and of the Omega_c. We obtain: kappa=0.74(3), which improves the existing estimates: kappa=0.70(10) from light hadrons. Using this value, we deduce M_{Omega_b}=6078.5(27.4) MeV which agrees with the recent CDF data but disagrees by 2.4 sigma with the one from D0. Predictions of the Xi_Q and of the spectra of spin 3/2 baryons containing one or two strange quark are given in Table 2. Predictions of the hyperfine splittings Omega*_Q- Omega_Q and Xi*_Q-Xi_Q are also given in Table 3. Starting for a general choice of the interpolating currents for the spin 1/2 baryons, our analysis favours the optimal value of the mixing angle b= (-1/5 -- 0) found from light and non-strange heavy baryons.
We perform a new Monte Carlo QCD analysis of pion parton distribution functions, including, for the first time, transverse momentum dependent pion-nucleus Drell-Yan cross sections together with $p_{rm T}$-integrated Drell-Yan and leading neutron electroproduction data from HERA. We assess the sensitivity of the Monte Carlo fits to kinematic cuts, factorization scale, and parametrization choice, and we discuss the impact of the various data sets on the pions quark and gluon distributions. This study provides the necessary step towards the simultaneous analysis of collinear and transverse momentum dependent pion distributions and the determination of the pions 3-dimensional structure.
We present the ground and excited state spectra of $Omega^{0}_{c}$ baryons with spin up to 7/2 from lattice quantum chromodynamics with dynamical quark fields. Based on our lattice results, we predict the quantum numbers of five $Omega^{0}_{c}$ baryons, which have recently been observed by the LHCb Collaboration. Our results strongly indicate that the observed states $Omega_c(3000)^0$ and $Omega_c(3050)^0$ have spin-parity $J^P = 1/2^{-}$, the states $Omega_c(3066)^0$ and $Omega_c(3090)^0$ have $J^P = 3/2^{-}$, whereas $Omega_c(3119)^0$ is possibly a $5/2^{-}$ state.
We derive a low-energy quantum field theory from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) that holds in the limit of a very large coupling. All the parameters of the bare theory are fixed through QCD. Low-energy limit is obtained through a mapping theorem between massless quartic scalar field theory and Yang-Mills theory. One gets a Yukawa theory that, in the same limit of strong coupling, reduces to a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with a current-current coupling with scalar-like excitations arising from Yang-Mills degrees of freedom. A current-current expansion in the strong coupling limit yields a fully integrated generating functional that, neglecting quark-quark current coupling, describes all processes involving glue excitations and quark. Some processes are analyzed and we are able to show consistency of Narison-Veneziano sum rules. Width of the $sigma$ resonance is computed. The decay $etatoeta+pi^++pi^-$ is discussed in this approximation and analyzed through the more elementary processes $etatoeta+sigma$ and $sigmatopi^++pi^-$. In this way we get an estimation of the mass of the $sigma$ resonance and the value of the $eta$ decay constant. This $eta$ decay appears a possible source of study for the $sigma$ resonance.
The Dual QCD (DQCD) framework, based on the ideas of t Hooft and Witten, and developed by Bill Bardeen, Jean-Marc Gerard and myself in the 1980s is not QCD, a theory of quarks and gluons, but a successful low energy approximation of it when applied to $Ktopipi$ decays and $K^0-bar K^0$ mixing. After years of silence, starting with 2014, this framework has been further developed in order to improve the SM prediction for the ratio $epsilon/epsilon$, the $Delta I=1/2$ rule and $hat B_K$. Most importantly, this year it has been used for the calculation of all $Ktopipi$ hadronic matrix elements of BSM operators which opened the road for the general study of $epsilon/epsilon$ in the context of the SM effective theory (SMEFT). This talk summarizes briefly the past successes of this framework and discusses recent developments which lead to a master formula for $epsilon/epsilon$ valid in any extension of the SM. This formula should facilitate the search for new physics responsible for the $epsilon/epsilon$ anomaly hinted by 2015 results from lattice QCD and DQCD.
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