An integrable Heisenberg spin chain with nearest-neighbour couplings, next-nearest-neighbour couplings and Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interacton is constructed. The integrability of the model is proven. Based on the Bethe Ansatz solutions, the ground state and the elementary excitations are studied. It is shown that the spinon excitation spectrum of the present system possesses a novel triple arched structure. The method provided in this paper is general to construct new integrable models with next-nearest-neighbour couplings.
An integrable anisotropic Heisenberg spin chain with nearest-neighbour couplings, next-nearest-neighbour couplings and scalar chirality terms is constructed. After proving the integrability, we obtain the exact solution of the system. The ground state and the elementary excitations are also studied. It is shown that the spinon excitation of the present model possesses a novel triple arched structure. The elementary excitation is gapless if the anisotropic parameter $eta$ is real while the elementary excitation has an enhanced gap by the next-nearest-neighbour and chiral three-spin interactions if the anisotropic parameter $eta$ is imaginary. The method of this paper provides a general way to construct new integrable models with next-nearest-neighbour interactions.
The exact solution of an integrable anisotropic Heisenberg spin chain with nearest-neighbour, next-nearest-neighbour and scalar chirality couplings is studied, where the boundary condition is the antiperiodic one. The detailed construction of Hamiltonian and the proof of integrability are given. The antiperiodic boundary condition breaks the $U(1)$-symmetry of the system and we use the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz to solve it. The energy spectrum is characterized by the inhomogeneous $T-Q$ relations and the contribution of the inhomogeneous term is studied. The ground state energy and the twisted boundary energy in different regions are obtained. We also find that the Bethe roots at the ground state form the string structure if the coupling constant $J=-1$ although the Bethe Ansatz equations are the inhomogeneous ones.
The off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method is generalized to the integrable model associated with the $sp(4)$ (or $C_2$) Lie algebra. By using the fusion technique, we obtain the complete operator product identities among the fused transfer matrices. These relations, together with some asymptotic behaviors and values of the transfer matrices at certain points, enable us to determine the eigenvalues of the transfer matrices completely. For the periodic boundary condition case, we recover the same $T-Q$ relations obtained via conventional Bethe ansatz methods previously, while for the off-diagonal boundary condition case, the eigenvalues are given in terms of inhomogeneous $T-Q$ relations, which could not be obtained by the conventional Bethe ansatz methods. The method developed in this paper can be directly generalized to generic $sp(2n)$ (i.e., $C_n$) integrable model.
The trigonometric su(n) spin chain with anti-periodic boundary condition (su(n) spin torus) is demonstrated to be Yang-Baxter integrable. Based on some intrinsic properties of the R-matrix, certain operator product identities of the transfer matrix are derived. These identities and the asymptotic behavior of the transfer matrix together allow us to obtain the exact eigenvalues in terms of an inhomogeneous T-Q relation via the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz.
The graded off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method is proposed to study supersymmetric quantum integrable models (i.e., quantum integrable models associated with superalgebras). As an example, the exact solutions of the $SU(2|2)$ vertex model with both periodic and generic open boundary conditions are constructed. By generalizing the fusion techniques to the supersymmetric case, a closed set of operator product identities about the transfer matrices are derived, which allows us to give the eigenvalues in terms of homogeneous or inhomogeneous $T-Q$ relations. The method and results provided in this paper can be generalized to other high rank supersymmetric quantum integrable models.