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Register a new user$R_{D^{(*)}}$ motivated $mathcal{S}_1$ leptoquark scenarios: Impact of interference on the exclusion limits from LHC data
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Motivated by the persistent anomalies in the semileptonic $B$-meson decays, we investigate the competency of LHC data to constrain the $R_{D^{(*)}}$-favoured parameter space in a charge $-1/3$ scalar leptoquark ($mathcal S_1$) model. We consider some scenarios with one large free coupling to accommodate the $R_{D^{(*)}}$ anomalies. As a result, some of them dominantly yield nonresonant $tautau$ and $tau u$ events at the LHC through the $t$-channel $mathcal S_1$ exchange. So far, no experiment has searched for leptoquarks using these signatures and the relevant resonant leptoquark searches are yet to put any strong exclusion limit on the parameter space. We recast the latest $tautau$ and $tau u$ resonance search data to obtain new exclusion limits. The nonresonant processes strongly interfere (destructively in our case) with the Standard Model background and play the determining role in setting the exclusion limits. To obtain precise limits, we include non-negligible effects coming from the subdominant (resonant) pair and inclusive single leptoquark productions systematically in our analysis. To deal with large destructive interference, we make use of the transverse mass distributions from the experiments in our statistical analysis. In addition, we also recast the relevant direct search results to obtain the most stringent collider bounds on these scenarios to date. These are independent bounds and are competitive to other known bounds. Finally, we indicate how one can adopt these bounds to a wide class of models with $mathcal S_1$ that are proposed to accommodate the $R_{D^{(*)}}$ anomalies.
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New Physics searches at the LHC rely very heavily on the precision and accuracy of Standard Model background predictions. Applying the spin-$0$ $s$-channel mediator model, we assess the importance of properly modelling such backgrounds in $tbar{t}$ associated Dark Matter production and discuss higher-order corrections and off-shell effects for the $tbar{t}$ and $tbar{t}Z$ background processes in the presence of extremely exclusive cuts. Exclusion limits are calculated for state-of-the-art NLO full off-shell $tbar{t}$ and $tbar{t}Z$ predictions and compared to those computed with backgrounds in the NWA and / or at LO. We perform the same comparison for several new-physics sensitive observables and evaluate which of them are affected by the top-quark modelling. Additionally, we make suggestions as to which observables should be used to obtain the most stringent limits assuming integrated luminosities of $300$ fb$^{-1}$ and $3000$ fb$^{-1}$.
There has been persistent disagreement between the Standard Model (SM) prediction and experimental measurements of $R_{D^{(*)}}=mathcal{B}(bar B rightarrow D^{(*)} tau bar u_tau)/mathcal{B}(bar B rightarrow D^{(*)} l bar u_l)$ $(l=e,mu)$. This anomaly may be addressed by introducing interactions beyond the Standard Model involving new states, such as leptoquarks. Since the processes involved are quark flavor changing, any new states would need to couple to at least two different generations of quarks, requiring a non-trivial flavor structure in the quark sector while avoiding stringent constraints from flavor-changing neutral current processes. In this work, we look at scalar leptoquarks as a possible solution for the $R_{D^{(*)}}$ anomaly under the assumption of $it{minimal~flavor~violation}$ (MFV). We investigate all possible representations for the leptoquarks under the SM quark flavor symmetry group, consistent with asymptotic freedom. We consider constraints on their parameter space from self-consistency of the MFV scenario, perturbativity, the FCNC decay $bto sbar u u$ and precision electroweak observables. We find that none of the scalar leptoquarks can explain the $R_{D^{(*)}}$ anomaly while simultaneously avoiding all constraints within this scenario. Thus scalar leptoquarks with MFV-generated quark couplings do not work as a solution to the $R_{D^{(*)}}$ anomaly.
We study the the impact of Run2 LHC data on general Composite Higgs scenarios, where non-linear effects, mixing with additional scalars and new fermionic degrees of freedom could simultaneously contribute to the modification of Higgs properties. We obtain new experimental limits on the scale of compositeness, the mixing with singlets and doublets with the Higgs, and the mass and mixing angle of top-partners. We also show that for scenarios where new fermionic degrees of freedom are involved in electroweak symmetry breaking, there is an interesting interplay among Higgs coupling measurements, boosted Higgs properties, SMEFT global analyses, and direct searches for single- and double-production of vector-like quarks.
We investigate the current LHC bounds on New Physics (NP) that contributes to $bar B to D^{(*)} lbar u$ for $l = (e,mu,tau)$ by considering both leptoquark (LQ) models and an effective-field-theory (EFT) Hamiltonian. Experimental analyses from $l+text{missing}$ searches with high $p_T$ are applied to evaluate the NP constraints with respect to the Wilson coefficients. A novel point of this work is to show difference between LQs and EFT for the applicable LHC bound. In particular, we find that the EFT description is not valid to search for LQs with the mass less than $lesssim 10,text{TeV}$ at the LHC and leads to overestimated bounds. We also discuss future prospects of high luminosity LHC searches including the charge asymmetry of background and signal events. Finally, a combined summary for the flavor and LHC bounds is given, and then we see that in several NP scenarios the LHC constraints are comparable with the flavor ones.
We reemphasize that the ratio $R_{smu} equiv overline{mathcal{B}}(B_stomubarmu)/Delta M_s$ is a measure of the tension of the Standard Model (SM) with latest measurements of $overline{mathcal{B}}(B_stomubarmu)$ that does not suffer from the persistent puzzle on the $|V_{cb}|$ determinations from inclusive versus exclusive $bto cellbar u$ decays and which affects the value of the CKM element $|V_{ts}|$ that is crucial for the SM predictions of both $overline{mathcal{B}}(B_stomubarmu)$ and $Delta M_s$, but cancels out in the ratio $R_{smu}$. In our analysis we include higher order electroweak and QED corrections und adapt the latest hadronic input to find a tension of about $2sigma$ for $R_{smu}$ measurements with the SM independently of $|V_{ts}|$. We also discuss the ratio $R_{dmu}$ which could turn out, in particular in correlation with $R_{smu}$, to be useful for the search for New Physics, when the data on both ratios improves. Also $R_{dmu}$ is independent of $|V_{cb}|$ or more precisely $|V_{td}|$.
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