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Register a new userTamm plasmon Photonic Crystals : from Bandgap Engineering to Defect Cavity
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We report for the first time the bandgap engineering of Tamm plasmon photonic crystals - Tamm plasmon structures of which the metalic layer is periodically patterned into lattice of subwavelength period. By adopting a double period design, we evidenced experimentally a complete photonic bandgap up to $150,nm$ in the telecom range. Moreover, such design offers a great flexibility to tailor on-demand, and independently, the band-gap size from $30,nm$ to $150,nm$ and its spectral position within $50,nm$. Finally, by implementing a defect cavity within the Tamm plasmon photonic crystal, an ultimate cavity of $1.6mu m$ supporting a single highly confined Tamm mode is experimentally demonstrated. All experimental results are in perfect agreement with numerical calculations. Our results suggests the possibility to engineer novel band dispersion with surface modes of hybrid metalic/dielectric structures, thus open the way to Tamm plasmon towards applications in topological photonics, metamaterials and parity symmetry physics.
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This paper gives an overview of recent work on three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals with a full and complete 3D photonic band gap. We review five main aspects: 1) spontaneous emission inhibition, 2) spatial localization of light within a tiny nanoscale volume (aka a nanobox for light), 3) the introduction of a gain medium leading to thresholdless lasers, 4) breaking of the weak-coupling approximation of cavity QED, both in the frequency and in the time-domain, 5) decoherence, in particular the shielding of vacuum fluctuations by a 3D photonic bandgap. In addition, we list and evaluate all known photonic crystal structures with a demonstrated 3D band gap.
Specific features of the defect modes of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) with an isotropic defect, as well as their photonic density of states, Q factor, and emission, have been investigated. The effect of the thicknesses of the defect layer and the system as a whole, the position of the defect layer, and the dielectric boundaries on the features of the defect modes have been analyzed.
We have theoretically demonstrated Rabi-like splitting and self-referenced refractive index sensing in hybrid plasmonic-1D photonic crystal structures. The coupling between Tamm plasmon and cavity photon modes are tuned by incorporating a low refractive index spacer layer close to the metallic layer to form their hybrid modes. Anticrossing observed in the dispersion validates the strong coupling between the modes and causes Rabi-like splitting, which is supported by coupled mode theory. The Rabi-like splitting energy decreases with increasing number of periods (N) and refractive index contrast ({eta}) of the two dielectric materials used to make the 1D photonic crystals, and the observed variation is explained by an analytical model. The angular and polarization dependency of the hybrid modes shows that the polarization splitting of the lower hybrid mode is much stronger than that of the upper hybrid mode. Further investigating the hybrid modes, it is seen that one of the hybrid modes remains unchanged while other mode undergoes significant change with varying the cavity medium, which makes it useful for designing self-referenced refractive index sensors for sensing different analytes. For {eta}=1.333 and N=10 in a hybrid structure, the sensitivity increases from 51 nm/RIU to 201 nm/RIU with increasing cavity thickness from 170 nm to 892 nm. For a fixed cavity thickness of 892 nm, the sensitivity increases from 201 nm/RIU to 259 nm/RIU by increasing {eta} from 1.333 to 1.605. The sensing parameters such as detection accuracy, quality factor, and figure of merit for two different hybrid structures ([{eta}=1.333, N=10] and [{eta}=1.605, N=6]) are evaluated and compared. The value of resonant reflectivity of one of the hybrid modes changes considerably with varying analyte medium which can also be used for refractive index sensing.
We demonstrate theoretically the existence of one-way Tamm plasmon-polaritons on the interface between magnetophotonic crystals and conducting metal oxides. In contrast to conventional surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs), Tamm plasmon-polariton (TPPs) occur at frequencies above the bulk plasma frequency of the conducting materials, provided that the dispersion curves of such surface modes lie outside the light cone for the conducting oxides and simultaneously fall into the photonic band gap of the magnetophotonic crystal. The nonreciprocal properties of TPPs are caused by violation of the periodicity and time reversal symmetry in the structure. Calculations on the field distribution and transmission spectra through the structure are employed to confirm the theoretical results, which could potentially impact on a broad range of SPP-related phenomena in applications.
A gyroid structure is a distinct morphology that is triply periodic and consists of minimal isosurfaces containing no straight lines. We have designed and synthesized amorphous silicon (a-Si) mid-infrared gyroid photonic crystals that exhibit a complete bandgap in infrared spectroscopy measurements. Photonic crystals were synthesized by deposition of a-Si/Al2O3 coatings onto a sacrificial polymer scaffold defined by two-photon lithography. We observed a 100% reflectance at 7.5 mum for single gyroids with a unit cell size of 4.5 mum, in agreement with the photonic bandgap position predicted from full-wave electromagnetic simulations, whereas the observed reflection peak shifted to 8 um for a 5.5 mum unit cell size. This approach represents a simulation-fabrication-characterization platform to realize three-dimensional gyroid photonic crystals with well-defined dimensions in real space and tailored properties in momentum space.
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