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Call a permutation $k$-inflatable if the sequence of its tensor products with uniform random permutations of increasing lengths has uniform $k$-point pattern densities. Previous work has shown that nontrivial $k$-inflatable permutations do not exist for $k geq 4$. In this paper, we derive a general formula for the limit densities of patterns in the sequence of tensor products of a fixed permutation with each permutation from a convergent sequence. By applying this result, we completely characterize $3$-inflatable permutations and find explicit examples of $3$-inflatable permutations with various lengths, including the shortest examples with length $17$.
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Let $pi_n$ be a uniformly chosen random permutation on $[n]$. Using an analysis of the probability that two overlapping consecutive $k$-permutations are order isomorphic, we show that the expected number of distinct consecutive patterns in $pi_n$ is $frac{n^2}{2}(1-o(1))$. This exhibits the fact that random permutations pack consecutive patterns near-perfectly.
This note gives a central limit theorem for the length of the longest subsequence of a random permutation which follows some repeating pattern. This includes the case of any fixed pattern of ups and downs which has at least one of each, such as the alternating case considered by Stanley in [2] and Widom in [3]. In every case considered the convergence in the limit of long permutations is to normal with mean and variance linear in the length of the permutations.
Let $mathcal{S}_n$ denote the set of permutations of ${1,2,dots,n}$. The function $f(n,s)$ is defined to be the minimum size of a subset $Ssubseteq mathcal{S}_n$ with the property that for any $rhoin mathcal{S}_n$ there exists some $sigmain S$ such that the Hamming distance between $rho$ and $sigma$ is at most $n-s$. The value of $f(n,2)$ is the subject of a conjecture by Kezdy and Snevily, which implies several famous conjectures about latin squares. We prove that the odd $n$ case of the Kezdy-Snevily Conjecture implies the whole conjecture. We also show that $f(n,2)>3n/4$ for all $n$, that $s!< f(n,s)< 3s!(n-s)log n$ for $1leq sleq n-2$ and that [f(n,s)>leftlfloor frac{2+sqrt{2s-2}}{2}rightrfloor frac{n}{2}] if $sgeq 3$.
Permutation tableaux were introduced by Steingr{i}msson and Williams. Corteel and Kim defined the sign of a permutation tableau in terms of the number of unrestricted columns. The sign-imbalance of permutation tableaux of length $n$ is the sum of signs over permutation tableaux of length $n$. They have btained a formula for the sign-imbalance of permutation tableaux of length $n$ by using generating functions and asked for a combinatorial proof. Moreover, they raised the question of finding a sign-imbalance formula for type $B$ permutation tableaux introduced by Lam and Williams. We define a statistic $ wnm$ over permutations and show that the number of unrestricted columns over permutation tableaux of length $n$ is equally distributed with $ wnm$ over permutations of length $n$. This leads to a combinatorial interpretation of the formula of Corteel and Kim. For type $B$ permutation tableaux, we define the sign of a type $B$ permutation tableau in term of the number of certain rows and columns. On the other hand, we construct a bijection between the type $B$ permutation tableaux of length $n$ and symmetric permutations of length $2n$ and we show that the statistic $ wnm$ over symmetric permutations of length $2n$ is equally distributed with the number of certain rows and columns over type $B$ permutation tableaux of length $n$. Based on this correspondence and an involution on symmetric permutation of length $2n$, we obtain a sign-imbalance formula for type $B$ permutation tableaux.
Let d_i(G) be the density of the 3-vertex i-edge graph in a graph G, i.e., the probability that three random vertices induce a subgraph with i edges. Let S be the set of all quadruples (d_0,d_1,d_2,d_3) that are arbitrary close to 3-vertex graph densities in arbitrary large graphs. Huang, Linial, Naves, Peled and Sudakov have recently determined the projection of the set S to the (d_0,d_3) plane. We determine the projection of the set S to all the remaining planes.
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