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Register a new userAn Optimal $chi$-Bound for ($P_6$, diamond)-Free Graphs
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Shenwei Huang
Publication date
2018
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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Given two graphs $H_1$ and $H_2$, a graph $G$ is $(H_1,H_2)$-free if it contains no induced subgraph isomorphic to $H_1$ or $H_2$. Let $P_t$ be the path on $t$ vertices and $K_t$ be the complete graph on $t$ vertices. The diamond is the graph obtained from $K_4$ by removing an edge. In this paper we show that every ($P_6$, diamond)-free graph $G$ satisfies $chi(G)le omega(G)+3$, where $chi(G)$ and $omega(G)$ are the chromatic number and clique number of $G$, respectively. Our bound is attained by the complement of the famous 27-vertex Schlafli graph. Our result unifies previously known results on the existence of linear $chi$-binding functions for several graph classes. Our proof is based on a reduction via the Strong Perfect Graph Theorem to imperfect ($P_6$, diamond)-free graphs, a careful analysis of the structure of those graphs, and a computer search that relies on a well-known characterization of 3-colourable $(P_6,K_3)$-free graphs.
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In 1967, ErdH{o}s asked for the greatest chromatic number, $f(n)$, amongst all $n$-vertex, triangle-free graphs. An observation of ErdH{o}s and Hajnal together with Shearers classical upper bound for the off-diagonal Ramsey number $R(3, t)$ shows that $f(n)$ is at most $(2 sqrt{2} + o(1)) sqrt{n/log n}$. We improve this bound by a factor $sqrt{2}$, as well as obtaining an analogous bound on the list chromatic number which is tight up to a constant factor. A bound in terms of the number of edges that is similarly tight follows, and these results confirm a conjecture of Cames van Batenburg, de Joannis de Verclos, Kang, and Pirot.
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