No Arabic abstract
Recently, the spatial modulation (SM) technique has been proposed for visible light communication (VLC). This paper investigates the average symbol error rate (SER) for the VLC using adaptive spatial modulation (ASM). In the system, the analysis of the average SER is divided into two aspects: the error probability of the spatial domain and the error probability of the signal domain when the spatial domain is correctly estimated. Based on the two aspects, the theoretical expression of the average SER is derived. To further improve the system performance, an optimization problem is proposed to optimize the modulation orders on the LEDs. The ASM based and the candidate reduction (CR)-ASM based optimization algorithms are proposed to solve the problem, respectively. Numerical results show that the derived theoretical values of the average SER are quite accurate to evaluate the system performance. Moreover, compared with the existing schemes, the proposed two algorithms are better choices for VLC.
In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate a real-time software defined multiple input multiple output (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) system employing link adaptation of spatial multiplexing and spatial diversity. Real-time MIMO signal processing is implemented by using the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) devices. Software defined implantation of MIMO VLC can assist in enabling an adaptive and reconfigurable communication system without hardware changes. We measured the error vector magnitude (EVM), bit error rate (BER) and spectral efficiency performance for single carrier M-QAM MIMO VLC using spatial diversity and spatial multiplexing. Results show that spatial diversity MIMO VLC improves error performance at the cost of spectral efficiency that spatial multiplexing should enhance. We propose the adaptive MIMO solution that both modulation schema and MIMO schema are dynamically adapted to the changing channel conditions for enhancing the error performance and spectral efficiency. The average error-free spectral efficiency of adaptive 2x2 MIMO VLC achieved 12 b/s/Hz over 2 meters indoor dynamic transmission.
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques have recently demonstrated significant potentials in visible light communications (VLC), as they can overcome the modulation bandwidth limitation and provide substantial improvement in terms of spectral efficiency and link reliability. However, MIMO systems typically suffer from inter-channel interference, which causes severe degradation to the system performance. In this context, we propose a novel optical adaptive precoding (OAP) scheme for the downlink of MIMO VLC systems, which exploits the knowledge of transmitted symbols to enhance the effective signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio. We also derive bit-error-rate expressions for the OAP under perfect and outdated channel state information (CSI). Our results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is more robust to both CSI error and channel correlation, compared to conventional channel inversion precoding.
In this paper, we investigate the physical-layer security for a spatial modulation (SM) based indoor visible light communication (VLC) system, which includes multiple transmitters, a legitimate receiver, and a passive eavesdropper (Eve). At the transmitters, the SM scheme is employed, i.e., only one transmitter is active at each time instant. To choose the active transmitter, a uniform selection (US) scheme is utilized. Two scenarios are considered: one is with non-negativity and average optical intensity constraints, the other is with non-negativity, average optical intensity and peak optical intensity constraints. Then, lower and upper bounds on the secrecy rate are derived for these two scenarios. Besides, the asymptotic behaviors for the derived secrecy rate bounds at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are analyzed. To further improve the secrecy performance, a channel adaptive selection (CAS) scheme and a greedy selection (GS) scheme are proposed to select the active transmitter. Numerical results show that the lower and upper bounds of the secrecy rate are tight. At high SNR, small asymptotic performance gaps exist between the derived lower and upper bounds. Moreover, the proposed GS scheme has the best performance, followed by the CAS scheme and the US scheme.
We experimentally demonstrate a software-defined 2x2 MIMO VLC system employing link adaptation of spatial multiplexing and diversity. The average error-free spectral efficiency of 12 b/s/Hz is achieved over 2 meters indoor transmission after an obstruction.
This paper presents an approach for visible light communication-based indoor positioning using compressed sensing. We consider a large number of light emitting diodes (LEDs) simultaneously transmitting their positional information and a user device equipped with a photo-diode. By casting the LED signal separation problem into an equivalent compressed sensing framework, the user device is able to detect the set of nearby LEDs using sparse signal recovery algorithms. From this set, and using proximity method, position estimation is proposed based on the concept that if signal separation is possible, then overlapping light beam regions lead to decrease in positioning error due to increase in the number of reference points. The proposed method is evaluated in a LED-illuminated large-scale indoor open-plan office space scenario. The positioning accuracy is compared against the positioning error lower bound of the proximity method, for various system parameters.