No Arabic abstract
We propose a regularized zero-forcing transmit precoding (RZF-TPC) aided and distance-based adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) scheme to support aeronautical communication applications, by exploiting the high spectral efficiency of large-scale antenna arrays and link adaption. Our RZF-TPC aided and distance-based ACM scheme switches its mode according to the distance between the communicating aircraft. We derive the closed-form asymptotic signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) expression of the RZF-TPC for the aeronautical channel, which is Rician, relying on a non-centered channel matrix that is dominated by the deterministic line-of-sight component. The effects of both realistic channel estimation errors and of the co-channel interference are considered in the derivation of this approximate closed-form SINR formula. Furthermore, we derive the analytical expression of the optimal regularization parameter that minimizes the mean square detection error. The achievable throughput expression based on our asymptotic approximate SINR formula is then utilized as the design metric for the proposed RZF-TPC aided and distance-based ACM scheme. Monte-Carlo simulation results are presented for validating our theoretical analysis as well as for investigating the impact of the key system parameters. The simulation results closely match the theoretical results. In the specific example that two communicating aircraft fly at a typical cruising speed of 920 km/h, heading in opposite direction over the distance up to 740 km taking a period of about 24 minutes, the RZF-TPC aided and distance-based ACM is capable of transmitting a total of 77 Gigabyte of data with the aid of 64 transmit antennas and 4 receive antennas, which is significantly higher than that of our previous eigen-beamforming transmit precoding aided and distance-based ACM benchmark.
In order to meet the demands of `Internet above the clouds, we propose a multiple-antenna aided adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) for aeronautical communications. The proposed ACM scheme switches its coding and modulation mode according to the distance between the communicating aircraft, which is readily available with the aid of the airborne radar or the global positioning system. We derive an asymptotic closed-form expression of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) as the number of transmitting antennas tends to infinity, in the presence of realistic co-channel interference and channel estimation errors. The achievable transmission rates and the corresponding mode-switching distance-thresholds are readily obtained based on this closed-form SINR formula. Monte-Carlo simulation results are used to validate our theoretical analysis. For the specific example of 32 transmit antennas and 4 receive antennas communicating at a 5 GHz carrier frequency and using 6 MHz bandwidth, which are reused by multiple other pairs of communicating aircraft, the proposed distance-based ACM is capable of providing as high as 65.928 Mbps data rate when the communication distance is less than 25,km.
In this paper, we make an investigation of receive antenna selection (RAS) strategies in the secure pre-coding aided spatial modulation (PSM) system with the aid of artificial noise. Due to a lack of the closed-form expression for secrecy rate (SR) in secure PSM systems, it is hard to optimize the RAS. To address this issue, the cut-off rate is used as an approximation of the SR. Further, two low-complexity RAS schemes for maximizing SR, called Max-SR-L and Max-SR-H, are derived in the low and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions, respectively. Due to the fact that the former works well in the low SNR region but becomes worse in the medium and high SNR regions while the latter also has the similar problem, a novel RAS strategy Max-SR-A is proposed to cover all SNR regions. Simulation results show that the proposed Max-SR-H and Max-SR-L schemes approach the optimal SR performances of the exhaustive search (ES) in the high and low SNR regions, respectively. In particular, the SR performance of the proposed Max-SR-A is close to that of the optimal ES and better than that of the random method in almost all SNR regions.
Large-scale antenna (LSA) has gained a lot of attention recently since it can significantly improve the performance of wireless systems. Similar to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or MIMO-OFDM, LSA can be also combined with OFDM to deal with frequency selectivity in wireless channels. However, such combination suffers from substantially increased complexity proportional to the number of antennas in LSA systems. For the conventional implementation of LSA-OFDM, the number of inverse fast Fourier transforms (IFFTs) increases with the antenna number since each antenna requires an IFFT for OFDM modulation. Furthermore, zero-forcing (ZF) precoding is required in LSA systems to support more users, and the required matrix inversion leads to a huge computational burden. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity recursive convolutional precoding to address the issues above. The traditional ZF precoding can be implemented through the recursive convolutional precoding in the time domain so that only one IFFT is required for each user and the matrix inversion can be also avoided. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can achieve the same performance as that of ZF but with much lower complexity.
Modern wireless cellular networks use massive multiple-input multiple-output technology. This involves operations with an antenna array at a base station that simultaneously serves multiple mobile devices that also use multiple antennas on their side. For this, various Beamforming and Detection techniques are used, allowing each user to receive the signal intended for him from the base station. There is an important class of linear Precoding called Regularized Zero-Forcing. In this work, we propose a special kind of regularization matrix with different regularizations for different UE, using singular values of multi-antenna users. The proposed algorithm has a simple analytical formula and is provided with theoretical study. We also show the results in comparison with other linear Precoding algorithms on simulations with the Quadriga channel model. The proposed approach leads to a significant increase in quality with the same computation time as in the baseline methods.
Large-scale antenna (LSA) has gained a lot of attention due to its great potential to significantly improve system throughput. In most existing works on LSA systems, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is presumed to deal with frequency selectivity of wireless channels. Although LSA-OFDM is a natural evolution from multiple-input multiple-output OFDM (MIMO-OFDM), the drawbacks of LSA-OFDM are inevitable, especially when used for the uplink. In this paper, we investigate single-carrier (SC) modulation for the uplink transmission in LSA systems based on a novel waveform recovery theory, where the receiver is designed to recover the transmit waveform while the information-bearing symbols can be recovered by directly sampling the recovered waveform. The waveform recovery adopts the assumption that the antenna number is infinite and the channels at different antennas are independent. In practical environments, however, the antenna number is always finite and the channels at different antennas are also correlated when placing hundreds of antennas in a small area. Therefore, we will also analyze the impacts of such non-ideal environments.