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On-line size Ramsey number for monotone k-uniform ordered paths with uniform looseness

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 Publication date 2018
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and research's language is English




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An ordered hypergraph is a hypergraph $H$ with a specified linear ordering of the vertices, and the appearance of an ordered hypergraph $G$ in $H$ must respect the specified order on $V(G)$. In on-line Ramsey theory, Builder iteratively presents edges that Painter must immediately color. The $t$-color on-line size Ramsey number $tilde R_t (G)$ of an ordered hypergraph $G$ is the minimum number of edges Builder needs to play (on a large ordered set of vertices) to force Painter using $t$ colors to produce a monochromatic copy of $G$. The monotone tight path $P_r^{(k)}$ is the ordered hypergraph with $r$ vertices whose edges are all sets of $k$ consecutive vertices. We obtain good bounds on $tilde R_t (P_r^{(k)})$. Letting $m=r-k+1$ (the number of edges in $P_r^{(k)}$), we prove $m^{t-1}/(3sqrt t)letilde R_t (P_r^{(2)})le tm^{t+1}$. For general $k$, a trivial upper bound is ${R choose k}$, where $R$ is the least number of vertices in a $k$-uniform (ordered) hypergraph whose $t$-colorings all contain $P_r^{(k)}$ (and is a tower of height $k-2$). We prove $R/(klg R)letilde R_t(P_r^{(k)})le R(lg R)^{2+epsilon}$, where $epsilon$ is any positive constant and $t(m-1)$ is sufficiently large. Our upper bounds improve prior results when $t$ grows faster than $m/log m$. We also generalize our results to $ell$-loose monotone paths, where each successive edge begins $ell$ vertices after the previous edge.



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Given a hypergraph $H$, the size-Ramsey number $hat{r}_2(H)$ is the smallest integer $m$ such that there exists a graph $G$ with $m$ edges with the property that in any colouring of the edges of $G$ with two colours there is a monochromatic copy of $H$. We prove that the size-Ramsey number of the $3$-uniform tight path on $n$ vertices $P^{(3)}_n$ is linear in $n$, i.e., $hat{r}_2(P^{(3)}_n) = O(n)$. This answers a question by Dudek, Fleur, Mubayi, and Rodl for $3$-uniform hypergraphs [On the size-Ramsey number of hypergraphs, J. Graph Theory 86 (2016), 417-434], who proved $hat{r}_2(P^{(3)}_n) = O(n^{3/2} log^{3/2} n)$.
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Given a positive integer $s$, a graph $G$ is $s$-Ramsey for a graph $H$, denoted $Grightarrow (H)_s$, if every $s$-colouring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The $s$-colour size-Ramsey number ${hat{r}}_s(H)$ of a graph $H$ is defined to be ${hat{r}}_s(H)=min{|E(G)|colon Grightarrow (H)_s}$. We prove that, for all positive integers $k$ and $s$, we have ${hat{r}}_s(P_n^k)=O(n)$, where $P_n^k$ is the $k$th power of the $n$-vertex path $P_n$.
108 - Joanna Polcyn 2015
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