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Register a new userA Closer Study of the Framed Standard Model Yielding Testable New Physics plus a Hidden Sector with Dark Matter Candidates
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Jose Bordes
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This closer study of the FSM: [I] retains the earlier results in offering explanation for the existence of three fermion generations, as well as the hierarchical mass and mixing patterns of leptons and quarks; [II] predicts a vector boson $G$ with mass of order TeV which mixes with $gamma$ and $Z$ of the standard model. The subsequent deviations from the standard mixing scheme are calculable in terms of the $G$ mass. While these deviations for (i) $m_Z - m_W$, (ii) $Gamma(Z rightarrow ell^+ ell^-)$, and (iii) $Gamma(Z rightarrow {rm hadrons})$ are all within present experimental errors so long as $m_G > 1$ TeV, they should soon be detectable if the $G$ mass is not too much bigger; [III] suggests that in parallel to the standard sector familiar to us, there is another where the roles of flavour and colour are interchanged. Though quite as copiously populated and as vibrant in self-interactions as our own, it communicates but little with the standard sector except via mixing through a couple of known portals, one of which is the $gamma-Z-G$ complex noted in [II] above, and the other is a scalar complex which includes the standard model Higgs. As a result, the new sector appears hidden to us as we appear hidden to them, and so its lowest members with masses of order 10 MeV, being electrically neutral and seemingly stable, but abundant, may make eligible candidates as constituents of dark matter. A more detailed summary of these results together with some remarks on the models special theoretical features can be found in the last section of the text.
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A descriptive summary is given of the results to-date from the framed standard model (FSM) which: (i) assigns geometric meaning to the Higgs field and to fermion generations, hence offering an explanation for the observed mass and mixing patterns of quarks and leptons, reproducing near-quantitatively 17 of SM parameters with only 7, (ii) predicts a new vector boson $G$ which mixes with $gamma$ and $Z$, leading to deviations from the SM mixing scheme. For $m_G > 1$ TeV, these deviations are within present experimental errors but should soon be detectable at LHC when experimental accuracy is further improved, (iii) suggests the existence of a hidden sector of particles as yet unknown to experiment which interact but little with the known particles. The lowest members of the hidden sector of mass around 17 MeV, being electrically neutral and stable, may figure as dark matter constituents. The idea is to retrace the steps leading to the above results unencumbered by details already worked out and reported elsewhere. This has helped to clarify the logic, tighten some arguments and dispense with one major assumption previously thought necessary, thus strenthening earlier results in opening up possibly a new and exciting vista for further exploration.
We consider a minimal extension of the Standard Model with a hidden sector charged under a dark local $U(1)$ gauge group, accounting simultaneously for light neutrino masses and the observed Dark Matter relic abundance. The model contains two copies of right-handed neutrinos which give rise to light neutrino-masses via an extended seesaw mechanism. The presence of a stable Dark-Matter candidate and a massless state naturally arise by requiring the simplest anomaly-free particle content without introducing any extra symmetries. We investigate the phenomenology of the hidden sector considering the $U(1)$ breaking scale of the order of the electroweak scale. Confronting the thermal history of this hidden-sector model with existing and future constraints from collider, direct and indirect detection experiments provides various possibilities of probing the model in complementary ways as every particle of the dark sector plays a specific cosmological role. Across the identified viable parameter space, a large region predicts a sizable contribution to the effective relativistic degrees-of-freedom in the early Universe that allows to alleviate the recently reported tension between late and early measurements of the Hubble constant.
We show that supersymmetric Dark Force models with gravity mediation are viable. To this end, we analyse a simple string-inspired supersymmetric hidden sector model that interacts with the visible sector via kinetic mixing of a light Abelian gauge boson with the hypercharge. We include all induced interactions with the visible sector such as neutralino mass mixing and the Higgs portal term. We perform a detailed parameter space scan comparing the produced dark matter relic abundance and direct detection cross sections to current experiments.
In hidden sector models, dark matter does not directly couple to the particle content of the Standard Model, strongly suppressing rates at direct detection experiments, while still allowing for large signals from annihilation. In this paper, we conduct an extensive study of hidden sector dark matter, covering a wide range of dark matter spins, mediator spins, interaction diagrams, and annihilation final states, in each case determining whether the annihilations are s-wave (thus enabling efficient annihilation in the universe today). We then go on to consider a variety of portal interactions that allow the hidden sector annihilation products to decay into the Standard Model. We broadly classify constraints from relic density requirements and dwarf spheroidal galaxy observations. In the scenario that the hidden sector was in equilibrium with the Standard Model in the early universe, we place a lower bound on the portal coupling, as well as on the dark matters elastic scattering cross section with nuclei. We apply our hidden sector results to the observed Galactic Center gamma-ray excess and the cosmic-ray antiproton excess. We find that both of these excesses can be simultaneously explained by a variety of hidden sector models, without any tension with constraints from observations of dwarf spheroidal galaxies.
We find that the nonperturbative physics of the standard-model Higgs Lagrangian provides a dark matter candidate, dormant skyrmion in the standard model, the same type of the skyrmion, a soliton, as in the hadron physics. It is stabilized by another nonperturbative object in the standard model, the dynamical gauge boson of the hidden local symmetry, which is also an analogue of the rho meson.
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