We report on a search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) using 278.8 days of data collected with the XENON1T experiment at LNGS. XENON1T utilizes a liquid xenon time projection chamber with a fiducial mass of $(1.30 pm 0.01)$ t, resulting in a 1.0 t$times$yr exposure. The energy region of interest, [1.4, 10.6] $mathrm{keV_{ee}}$ ([4.9, 40.9] $mathrm{keV_{nr}}$), exhibits an ultra-low electron recoil background rate of $(82substack{+5 -3}textrm{ (sys)}pm3textrm{ (stat)})$ events/$(mathrm{t}timesmathrm{yr}timesmathrm{keV_{ee}})$. No significant excess over background is found and a profile likelihood analysis parameterized in spatial and energy dimensions excludes new parameter space for the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent elastic scatter cross-section for WIMP masses above 6 GeV/c${}^2$, with a minimum of $4.1times10^{-47}$ cm$^2$ at 30 GeV/c${}^2$ and 90% confidence level.