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Register a new user$mathbf{{textit K^-}{textit p}{textit p}}$, a ${overline{K}}$-Meson Nuclear Bound State, Observed in $^{3}{rm He}({K^-}, {Lambda} p)n$ Reactions
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We observed a distinct peak in the $Lambda p$ invariant mass spectrum of $^{3}{rm He}(K^-, , Lambda p)n$, well below the mass threshold of $m_K + 2 m_p$. By selecting a relatively large momentum-transfer region $q = 350 sim 650$ MeV/$c$, one can clearly separate the peak from the quasi-free process, $overline{K}N rightarrow overline{K}N$ followed by the non-resonant absorption by the two spectator-nucleons $overline{K}NN rightarrow Lambda N $. We found that the simplest fit to the observed peak gives us a Breit-Wigner pole position at $B_{rm {it Kpp}} = 47 pm 3 , (stat.) ,^{+3}_{-6} ,(sys.)$ MeV having a width $Gamma_{rm {it Kpp}} = 115 pm 7 , (stat.) ,^{+10}_{-9} ,(sys.)$ MeV, and the $S$-wave Gaussian reaction form-factor parameter $Q_{rm {it Kpp}} = 381 pm 14 , (stat.),^{+57}_{-0} ,(sys.)$ MeV/$c$, as a new form of the nuclear bound system with strangeness -- $K^-pp$.
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We have performed an exclusive measurement of the $K^{-}+! ~^{3}{rm He} to Lambda pn$ reaction at an incident kaon momentum of $1 {rm GeV}/c$.In the $Lambda p$ invariant mass spectrum, a clear peak was observed below the mass threshold of $bar{K}!+!N!+!N$, as a signal of the kaonic nuclear bound state, $bar{K}NN$.The binding energy, decay width, and $S$-wave Gaussian reaction form-factor of this state were observed to be $B_{K} = 42pm3({rm stat.})^{+3}_{-4}({rm syst.}) {rm MeV}$, $Gamma_{K} = 100pm7({rm stat.})^{+19}_{-9}({rm syst.}) {rm MeV}$, and $Q_{K} = 383pm11({rm stat.})^{+4}_{-1}({rm syst.}) {rm MeV}/c$, respectively. The total production cross-section of $bar{K}NN$, determined by its $Lambda p$ decay mode, was $sigma^{tot}_{K} cdot BR_{Lambda p} = 9.3pm0.8({rm stat.})^{+1.4}_{-1.0}({rm syst.}) mu{rm b}$.We estimated the branching ratio of the $bar{K}NN$ state to the $Lambda p$ and $Sigma^{0}p$ decay modes as $BR_{Lambda p}/BR_{Sigma^{0}p} sim 1.7$, by assuming that the physical processes leading to the $Sigma N!N$ final states are analogous to those of $Lambda pn$.
To search for an S= -1 di-baryonic state which decays to $Lambda p$, the $ {rm{}^3He}(K^-,Lambda p)n_{missing}$ reaction was studied at 1.0 GeV/$c$. Unobserved neutrons were kinematically identified from the missing mass $M_X$ of the $ {rm{}^3He}(K^-,Lambda p)X$ reaction in order to have a large acceptance for the $Lambda pn$ final state. The observed $Lambda p n$ events, distributed widely over the kinematically allowed region of the Dalitz plot, establish that the major component comes from a three nucleon absorption process. A concentration of events at a specific neutron kinetic energy was observed in a region of low momentum transfer to the $Lambda p$. To account for the observed peak structure, the simplest S-wave pole was assumed to exist in the reaction channel, having Breit-Wigner form in energy and with a Gaussian form-factor. A minimum $chi^2$ method was applied to deduce its mass $M_X =$ 2355 $ ^{+ 6}_{ - 8}$ (stat.) $ pm 12$ (syst.) MeV/c$^2$, and decay-width $Gamma_X = $ 110 $ ^{+ 19}_{ - 17}$ (stat.) $ pm 27$ (syst.) MeV/c$^2$, respectively. The form factor parameter $Q_X sim$ 400 MeV/$c$ implies that the range of interaction is about 0.5
The $Lambda(1405)$ production in p+p collisions at 3.5 GeV and K$^-$-induced reactions is discussed. The shift of the measured spectral function of the $Lambda(1405)$ in p+p reactions does not match either theoretical calculations for p+p reactions or experimental observation in previous K$^-$-induced reactions. New experiments with stopped and in-flight $K^-$ are needed to study this initial state more in detail. The state of the art of the analysis is discussed.
Polarization properties of strange baryons produced in pp reactions, p + p -> p + Lambda^0 + K^+ and p + p -> p + Sigma^0 + K^$, near thresholds of the final states (p Lambda^0 K^+) and (p Sigma^0 K^+) are analysed relative to polarizations of colliding protons. The cross sections for pp reactions are calculated within the effective Lagrangian approach accounting for strong pp rescattering in the initial state of colliding protons with a dominant contribution of the one-pion exchange and strong final-state interaction of daughter hadrons (Eur. Phys. J. A 9, 425 (2000)).
The reaction pp -> K+ + (Lambda p) was measured at Tp=1.953 GeV and Theta = 0 deg with a high missing mass resolution in order to study the Lambda p final state interaction. The large final state enhancement near the Lambda p threshold can be described using the standard Jost-function approach. The singlet and triplet scattering lengths and effective ranges are deduced by fitting simultaneously the Lambda p invariant mass spectrum and the total cross section data of the free Lambda p scattering.
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