No Arabic abstract
We study the topology of a space parametrizing stable tropical curves of genus g with volume 1, showing that its reduced rational homology is canonically identified with both the top weight cohomology of M_g and also with the genus g part of the homology of Kontsevichs graph complex. Using a theorem of Willwacher relating this graph complex to the Grothendieck-Teichmueller Lie algebra, we deduce that H^{4g-6}(M_g;Q) is nonzero for g=3, g=5, and g at least 7. This disproves a recent conjecture of Church, Farb, and Putman as well as an older, more general conjecture of Kontsevich. We also give an independent proof of another theorem of Willwacher, that homology of the graph complex vanishes in negative degrees.
In this paper we prove several lifting theorems for morphisms of tropical curves. We interpret the obstruction to lifting a finite harmonic morphism of augmented metric graphs to a morphism of algebraic curves as the non-vanishing of certain Hurwitz numbers, and we give various conditions under which this obstruction does vanish. In particular we show that any finite harmonic morphism of (non-augmented) metric graphs lifts. We also give various applications of these results. For example, we show that linear equivalence of divisors on a tropical curve C coincides with the equivalence relation generated by declaring that the fibers of every finite harmonic morphism from C to the tropical projective line are equivalent. We study liftability of metrized complexes equipped with a finite group action, and use this to classify all augmented metric graphs arising as the tropicalization of a hyperelliptic curve. We prove that there exists a d-gonal tropical curve that does not lift to a d-gonal algebraic curve. This article is the second in a series of two.
We study a space of genus $g$ stable, $n$-marked tropical curves with total edge length $1$. Its rational homology is identified both with top-weight cohomology of the complex moduli space $M_{g,n}$ and with the homology of a marked version of Kontsevichs graph complex, up to a shift in degrees. We prove a contractibility criterion that applies to various large subspaces. From this we derive a description of the homotopy type of the tropical moduli space for $g = 1$, the top weight cohomology of $M_{1,n}$ as an $S_n$-representation, and additional calculations for small $(g,n)$. We also deduce a vanishing theorem for homology of marked graph complexes from vanishing of cohomology of $M_{g,n}$ in appropriate degrees, and comment on stability phenomena, or lack thereof.
The aim of this paper is to study homological properties of tropical fans and to propose a notion of smoothness in tropical geometry, which goes beyond matroids and their Bergman fans and which leads to an enrichment of the category of smooth tropical varieties. Among the resulting applications, we prove the Hodge isomorphism theorem which asserts that the Chow rings of smooth unimodular tropical fans are isomorphic to the tropical cohomology rings of their corresponding canonical compactifications, and prove a slightly weaker statement for any unimodular fan. We furthermore introduce a notion of shellability for tropical fans and show that shellable tropical fans are smooth and thus enjoy all the nice homological properties of smooth tropical fans. Several other interesting properties for tropical fans are shown to be shellable. Finally, we obtain a generalization, both in the tropical and in the classical setting, of the pioneering work of Feichtner-Yuzvinsky and De Concini-Procesi on the cohomology ring of wonderful compactifications of complements of hyperplane arrangements. The results in this paper form the basis for our subsequent works on Hodge theory for tropical and non-Archimedean varieties.
This is a sequel to our work in tropical Hodge theory. Our aim here is to prove a tropical analogue of the Clemens-Schmid exact sequence in asymptotic Hodge theory. As an application of this result, we prove the tropical Hodge conjecture for smooth projective tropical varieties which are rationally triangulable. This provides a partial answer to a question of Kontsevich who suggested the validity of the tropical Hodge conjecture could be used as a test for the validity of the Hodge conjecture.
We develop techniques for studying fundamental groups and integral singular homology of symmetric Delta-complexes, and apply these techniques to study moduli spaces of stable tropical curves of unit volume, with and without marked points. As one application, we show that Delta_g and Delta_{g,n} are simply connected, for positive g. We also show that Delta_3 is homotopy equivalent to the 5-sphere, and that Delta_4 has 3-torsion in H_5.