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Register a new userQuantum manipulation of biphoton spectral distributions in a 2D frequency space toward arbitrary shaping of a biphoton wave packet
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In this work, we experimentally manipulate the spectrum and phase of a biphoton wave packet in a two-dimensional frequency space. The spectrum is shaped by adjusting the temperature of the crystal, and the phase is controlled by tilting the dispersive glass plate. The manipulating effects are confirmed by measuring the two-photon spectral intensity (TSI) and the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference patterns. Unlike the previous independent manipulation schemes, here we perform joint manipulation on the biphoton spectrum. The technique in this work paves the way for arbitrary shaping of a multi-photon wave packet in a quantum manner.
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Qubit entanglement is a valuable resource for quantum information processing, where increasing its dimensionality provides a pathway towards higher capacity and increased error resilience in quantum communications, cluster computation and quantum phase measurements. Time-frequency entanglement, a continuous variable subspace, enables the high-dimensional encoding of multiple qubits per particle, bounded only by the spectral correlation bandwidth and readout timing jitter. Extending from a dimensionality of two in discrete polarization variables, here we demonstrate a hyperentangled, mode-locked, biphoton frequency comb with a time-frequency Hilbert space dimensionality of at least 648. Hong-Ou-Mandel revivals of the biphoton qubits are observed with 61 time-bin recurrences, biphoton joint spectral correlations over 19 frequency-bins, and an overall interference visibility of the high-dimensional qubits up to 98.4%. We describe the Schmidt mode decomposition analysis of the high-dimensional entanglement, in both time- and frequency-bin subspaces, not only verifying the entanglement dimensionality but also examining the time-frequency scaling. We observe a Bell violation of the high-dimensional qubits up to 18.5 standard deviations, with recurrent correlation-fringe Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt S-parameter up to 2.771. Our biphoton frequency comb serves as a platform for dense quantum information processing and high-dimensional quantum key distribution.
Biphoton frequency comb (BFC) having quantum entanglement in a high dimensional system is widely applicable to quantum communication and quantum computation. However, a dozen mode realized so far has not been enough to realize its full potential. Here, we show a massive-mode BFC with polarization entanglement experimentally realized by a nonlinear optical waveguide resonator. The generated BFC at least 1400 modes is broad and dense, that strongly enhances the advantage of BFC. We also demonstrated a versatile property of the present BFC, which enables us to prepare both the frequency-multiplexed entangled photon pair and the high dimensional hyperentangled one. The versatile, stable and highly efficient system with the massive-mode BFC will open up a large-scale photonic quantum information platform.
Encoding quantum information in continuous variables is intrinsically faulty. Nevertheless, redundant qubits can be used for error correction, as proposed by Gottesman, Kitaev and Preskill in Phys. Rev. A textbf{64} 012310, (2001). We show how to experimentally implement this encoding using time-frequency continuous degrees of freedom of photon pairs produced by spontaneous parametric down conversion. We experimentally illustrate our results using an integrated AlGaAs photon pairs source. We show how single qubit gates can be implemented and finally propose a theoretical scheme for correcting errors in a circuit-like and in a measurement-based architecture.
We demonstrate optical interferometry beyond the limits imposed by the photon wavelength using triggered entangled photon pairs from a semiconductor quantum dot. Interference fringes of the entangled biphoton state reveals a periodicity half of that obtained with the single photon, and much less than that of the pump laser. High fringe visibility indicates that biphoton interference is less sensitive to decoherence than interference of two sequential single photons. The results suggest that quantum interferometry may be possible using a semiconductor LED-like device.
Phase modulation has emerged as a technique to create and manipulate high-dimensional frequency-bin entanglement. A necessary step to extending this technique to depolarized channels, such as those in a quantum networking environment, is the ability to perform phase modulation independent of photon polarization. This also necessary to harness hypertanglement in the polarization and frequency degrees of freedom for operations like Bell state discrimination. However, practical phase modulators are generally sensitive to the polarization of light and this makes them unsuited to such applications. We overcome this limitation by implementing a polarization diversity scheme to measure frequency-bin entanglement in arbitrarily polarized photon pairs.
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