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Unification of dark matter and dark energy as short- and long-range manifestations of a single cosmological substance is possible in models described by the generalized Chaplygin gas equation of state. We show it admits halo-like structures and discuss their density profiles, the resulting space-time geometry and the rotational velocity profiles expected in these models.
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We present a simple generalisation of the $Lambda$CDM model which on the one hand reaches very good agreement with the present day experimental data and provides an internal inflationary mechanism on the other hand. It is based on Palatini modified gravity with quadratic Starobinsky term and generalized Chaplygin gas as a matter source providing, besides a current accelerated expansion, the epoch of endogenous inflation driven by type III freeze singularity. It follows from our statistical analysis that astronomical data favors negative value of the parameter coupling quadratic term into Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian and as a consequence the bounce instead of initial Big-Bang singularity is preferred.
The cosmological observations suggest that the presently accelerating universe should be filled by an exotic form of matter, violating the strong energy condition, of unknown nature and origin. We propose the viscous dark matter of a source of acceleration in the form of Chaplygin gas which is characterized by equation of state in the phenomenological form $p=-frac{A}{rho^{alpha}}$, where $p$ and $rho$ are pressure and energy density respectively ($A$ and $alpha$ are constants). Chaplygin gas is interpreted in terms of viscous matter and without the cosmological constant. The acceleration effect is caused only by viscosity in this class of cosmological models. We show that bulk viscosity effects introduced to the standard FRW cosmology give rise to the natural unification of both dark matter and dark energy. We show that dust viscous cosmological models are structurally stable if $m < 1/2$ ($1+alpha=1/2-m$).
We investigate the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations for the generalized Chaplygin gas with the aim of extending the findings of V. Gorini, U. Moschella, A. Y. Kamenshchik, V. Pasquier, and A. A. Starobinsky [Phys. Rev. D {bf 78}, 064064 (2008)]. We study both the standard case, where we reproduce some previous results, and the phantom case. In the phantom case we show that even a superluminal group velocity arising for $alpha > 1$ cannot prevent the divergence of the pressure at a finite radial distance. Finally, we investigate how a modification of the generalized Chaplygin gas equation of state, required by causality arguments at densities very close to $Lambda$, affects the results found so far.
We investigate the role of bulk viscous pressure on the warm inflationary modified Chaplygin gas in brane-world framework in the presence of standard scalar field. We assume the intermediate inflationary scenario in strong dissipative regime and constructed the inflaton, potential, entropy density, slow-roll parameters, scalar and tensor power spectra, scalar spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio. We develop various trajectories such as $n_s - N$, $n_s - r$ and $n_s - alpha_s$ (where $n_s$ is the spectral index, $alpha_s$ is the running of spectral index, $N$ is the number of e-folds and $r$ is tensor-to-scalar ratio) for variable as well as constant dissipation and bulk viscous coefficients at high dissipative regime. It is interesting to remark here that our results of these parameters are compatible with recent observational data such as WMAP $7+9$, BICEP$2$ and Planck data.
In this paper, we examine the possible realization of a new family of inflation called shaft inflation by assuming the modified Chaplygin gas model and tachyon scalar field. We also consider the special form of dissipative coefficient as $Gamma={a_0}frac{T^{3}}{phi^{2 }}$ and calculate the various inflationary parameters in the scenario of strong and weak dissipative regimes. In order to examine the behavior of inflationary parameters, the planes of $n_s - phi,~n_s - r$ and $n_s - alpha_s$ (where $n_s,~alpha_s,~r$ and $phi$ represent spectral index, its running, tensor to scalar ratio and scalar field respectively) are being developed which lead to the constraints: $r< 0.11$, $n_s=0.96pm0.025$ and $alpha_s =-0.019pm0.025$. It is quite interesting that these results of inflationary parameters are compatible with BICEP$2$, WMAP $(7+9)$ and recent Planck data.
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