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Register a new userLepton universality violation and right-handed currents in $b to c tau u$
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We consider the recent LHCb result for $B_cto J/psi tau u$ in conjunction with the existing anomalies in $R(D)$ and $R(D^star)$ within the framework of a right-handed current with enhanced couplings to the third generation. The model predicts a linear relation between the observables and their SM values in terms of two combinations of parameters. The strong constraints from $bto s gamma$ on $W-W^prime$ mixing effectively remove one of the combinations of parameters resulting in an approximate proportionality between all three observables and their SM values. To accommodate the current averages for $R(D)$ and $R(D^star)$, the $W^prime$ mass should be near 1 TeV, and possibly accessible to direct searches at the LHC. In this scenario we find that $R(J/psi)$ is enhanced by about 20% with respect to its SM value and about 1.5$sigma$ below the central value of the LHCb measurement. The predicted $dGamma/dq^2$ distribution for $Bto D(D^star) tau u$ is in agreement with the measurement and the model satisfies the constraint from the $B_c$ lifetime.
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Motivated by the persistent anomalies reported in the $bto ctaubar{ u}$ data, we perform a general model-independent analysis of these transitions, in the presence of light right-handed neutrinos. We adopt an effective field theory approach and write a low-energy effective Hamiltonian, including all possible dimension-six operators. The corresponding Wilson coefficients are determined through a numerical fit to all available experimental data. In order to work with a manageable set of free parameters, we define eleven well-motivated scenarios, characterized by the different types of new physics that could mediate these transitions, and analyse which options seem to be preferred by the current measurements. The data exhibit a clear preference for new-physics contributions, and good fits to the data are obtained in several cases. However, the current measurement of the longitudinal $D^*$ polarization in $Bto D^*tau bar u$ cannot be easily accommodated within its experimental $1sigma$ range. A general analysis of the three-body $Bto D tau bar u$ and four-body $Bto D^*(to Dpi)tau bar u$ angular distributions is also presented. The accessible angular observables are studied in order to assess their sensitivity to the different new physics scenarios. Experimental information on these distributions would help to disentangle the dynamical origin of the current anomalies.
Several experiments observed deviations from the Standard Model (SM) in the flavour sector: LHCb found a $4-5,sigma$ discrepancy compared to the SM in $bto smu^+mu^-$ transitions (recently supported by an Belle analysis) and CMS reported a non-zero measurement of $htomutau$ with a significance of $2.4,sigma$. Furthermore, BELLE, BABAR and LHCb founds hints for the violation of flavour universality in $Bto D^{(*)}tau u$. In addition, there is the long-standing discrepancy in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. Interestingly, all these anomalies are related to muons and taus, while the corresponding electron channels seem to be SM like. This suggests that these deviations from the SM might be correlated and we briefly review some selected models providing simultaneous explanations.
Rare semileptonic $b to s ell^+ ell^-$ transitions provide some of the most promising frameworks to search for new physics effects. Recent analyses of these decays have indicated an anomalous behaviour in measurements of angular distributions of the decay $B^0to K^*mu^+mu^-$ and lepton-flavour-universality observables. Unambiguously establishing if these deviations have a common nature is of paramount importance in order to understand the observed pattern. We propose a novel approach to independently and complementary probe this hypothesis by performing a simultaneous amplitude analysis of $bar{B}^0 to bar{K}^{*0} mu^+mu^-$ and $bar{B}^0 to bar{K}^{*0} e^+e^-$ decays. This method enables the direct determination of observables that encode potential non-equal couplings of muons and electrons, and are found to be insensitive to nonperturbative QCD effects. If current hints of new physics are confirmed, our approach could allow an early discovery of physics beyond the standard model with LHCb run II data sets.
Recent lattice determinations of direct CP violation in kaon decays, parametrized by $epsilon$, suggest a discrepancy of several sigma between experiment and the standard model. Assuming that this situation is due to new physics, we investigate a solution in terms of right-handed charged currents. Chiral perturbation theory, in combination with lattice QCD results, allows one to accurately determine the effect of right-handed interactions on $epsilon$. In addition, similar techniques provide a direct link between the right-handed contributions to $epsilon$ and hadronic electric dipole moments. We demonstrate that the $epsilon$ discrepancy can be resolved with right-handed charged currents, and that this scenario can be falsified by next-generation hadronic electric dipole moment experiments.
We perform a general model-independent analysis of $b to c tau bar{ u}_tau $ transitions, including measurements of $mathcal{R}_D$, $mathcal{R}_{D^*}$, their $q^2$ differential distributions, the recently measured longitudinal $D^*$ polarization $F_L^{D^*}$, and constraints from the $B_c to tau bar{ u}_tau$ lifetime, each of which has significant impact on the fit. A global fit to a general set of Wilson coefficients of an effective low-energy Hamiltonian is presented, the solutions of which are interpreted in terms of hypothetical new-physics mediators. From the obtained results we predict selected $b to ctaubar u_tau$ observables, such as the baryonic transition $Lambda_b to Lambda_c tau bar{ u}_tau$, the ratio $mathcal{R}_{J/psi}$, the forward-backward asymmetries ${cal A}_text{FB}^{D^{(*)}}$, the $tau$ polarization asymmetries $mathcal{P}_tau^{D^{(*)}}$, and the longitudinal $D^*$ polarization fraction $F_L^{D^*}$. The latter shows presently a slight tension with any new-physics model, such that an improved measurement could have an important impact. We also discuss the potential change due the very recently announced preliminary $mathcal{R}_{D^{(*)}}$ measurement by the Belle collaboration.
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