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Register a new userSpherical embeddings of symmetric association schemes in 3-dimensional Euclidean space
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We classify the symmetric association schemes with faithful spherical embedding in 3-dimensional Euclidean space. Our result is based on previous research on primitive association schemes with $m_1 = 3$.
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In this paper we aim to characterize association schemes all of whose symmetric fusion schemes have only integral eigenvalues, and classify those obtained from a regular action of a finite group by taking its orbitals.
In this paper we characterize large regular graphs using certain entries in the projection matrices onto the eigenspaces of the graph. As a corollary of this result, we show that large association schemes become $P$-polynomial association schemes. Our results are summarized as follows. Let $G=(V,E)$ be a connected $k$-regular graph with $d+1$ distinct eigenvalues $k=theta_0>theta_1>cdots>theta_d$. Since the diameter of $G$ is at most $d$, we have the Moore bound [ |V| leq M(k,d)=1+k sum_{i=0}^{d-1}(k-1)^i. ] Note that if $|V|> M(k,d-1)$ holds, the diameter of $G$ is equal to $d$. Let $E_i$ be the orthogonal projection matrix onto the eigenspace corresponding to $theta_i$. Let $partial(u,v)$ be the path distance of $u,v in V$. Theorem. Assume $|V|> M(k,d-1)$ holds. Then for $x,y in V$ with $partial(x,y)=d$, the $(x,y)$-entry of $E_i$ is equal to [ -frac{1}{|V|}prod_{j=1,2,ldots,d, j e i} frac{theta_0-theta_j}{theta_i-theta_j}. ] If a symmetric association scheme $mathfrak{X}=(X,{R_i}_{i=0}^d)$ has a relation $R_i$ such that the graph $(X,R_i)$ satisfies the above condition, then $mathfrak{X}$ is $P$-polynomial. Moreover we show the dual version of this theorem for spherical sets and $Q$-polynomial association schemes.
A well-known theorem of Whitney states that a 3-connected planar graph admits an essentially unique embedding into the 2-sphere. We prove a 3-dimensional analogue: a simply-connected $2$-complex every link graph of which is 3-connected admits an essentially unique locally flat embedding into the 3-sphere, if it admits one at all. This can be thought of as a generalisation of the 3-dimensional Schoenflies theorem.
An association scheme is called quasi-thin if the valency of each its basic relation is one or two. A quasi-thin scheme is Kleinian if the thin residue of it forms a Klein group with respect to the relation product. It is proved that any Kleinian scheme arises from near-pencil on~$3$ points, or affine or projective plane of order~$2$. The main result is that any non-Kleinian quasi-thin scheme a) is the two-orbit scheme of a suitable permutation group, and b) is characterized up to isomorphism by its intersection number array. An infinite family of Kleinian quasi-thin schemes for which neither a) nor b) holds is also constructed.
P. Baird and the second author studied harmonic morphisms from a three-dimensional simply-connected space form to a surface and obtained a complete local and global classification of them. In this paper, we obtain a description of all harmonic morphisms from any three-dimensional Euclidean and spherical space form to a surface, namely that any such harmonic morphism is the composition of a standard harmonic morphism and a weakly conformal map. We list the standard harmonic morphisms.
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