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Register a new userPion and $rho$-meson screening masses at finite chemical potential in two-flavor lattice QCD with Wilson fermion
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We investigate the real and imaginary chemical-potential dependence of pion and $rho$-meson screening masses in both the confinement and the deconfinement region by using two-flavor lattice QCD. The spatial meson correlators are calculated in the imaginary chemical potential region with lattice QCD simulations. We extract pion and $rho$-meson screening masses from the correlators. The obtained meson screening masses are extrapolated to the real chemical potential region by assuming some analytic function. In the real chemical potential region, the resulting pion and $rho$-meson screening masses monotonically increase as real chemical potential becomes large.
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We investigate chemical-potential (mu) dependence of static-quark free energies in both the real and imaginary mu regions, performing lattice QCD simulations at imaginary mu and extrapolating the results to the real mu region with analytic continuation. Lattice QCD calculations are done on a 16^{3}times 4 lattice with the clover-improved two-flavor Wilson fermion action and the renormalization-group improved Iwasaki gauge action. Static-quark potential is evaluated from the Polyakov-loop correlation functions in the deconfinement phase. As the analytic continuation, the potential calculated at imaginary mu=imu_{rm I} is expanded into a Taylor-expansion series of imu_{rm I}/T up to 4th order and the pure imaginary variable imu_{rm I}/T is replaced by the real one mu_{rm R}/T. At real mu, the 4th-order term weakens mu dependence of the potential sizably. At long distance, all of the color singlet and non-singlet potentials tend to twice the single-quark free energy, indicating that the interactions between heavy quarks are fully color-screened for finite mu. For both real and imaginary mu, the color-singlet q{bar q} and the color-antitriplet qq interaction are attractive, whereas the color-octet q{bar q} and the color-sextet qq interaction are repulsive. The attractive interactions have stronger mu/T dependence than the repulsive interactions. The color-Debye screening mass is extracted from the color-singlet potential at imaginary mu, and the mass is extrapolated to real mu by analytic continuation. The screening mass thus obtained has stronger mu dependence than the prediction of the leading-order thermal perturbation theory at both real and imaginary mu.
Screenings of the quark-gluon plasma in electric and magnetic sectors are studied on the basis of generalized Polyakov-line correlation functions in lattice QCD simulations with two flavors of improved Wilson quarks. Using the Euclidean-time reflection ($R$) and the charge conjugation ($Ca$), electric and magnetic screening masses are extracted in a gauge invariant manner. Long distance behavior of the standard Polyakov-line correlation in the quark-gluon plasma is found to be dictated by the magnetic screening. Also, ratio of the two screening masses agrees with that obtained from the dimensionally-reduced effective field theory and the ${cal N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
We perform a lattice QCD study of the $rho$ meson decay from the $N_f=2+1$ full QCD configurations generated with a renormalization group improved gauge action and a non-perturbatively $O(a)$-improved Wilson fermion action. The resonance parameters, the effective $rhotopipi$ coupling constant and the resonance mass, are estimated from the $P$-wave scattering phase shift for the isospin I=1 two-pion system. The finite size formulas are employed to calculate the phase shift from the energy on the lattice. Our calculations are carried out at two quark masses, $m_pi=410,{rm MeV}$ ($m_pi/m_rho=0.46$) and $m_pi=300,{rm MeV}$ ($m_pi/m_rho=0.35$), on a $32^3times 64$ ($La=2.9,{rm fm}$) lattice at the lattice spacing $a=0.091,{rm fm}$. We compare our results at these two quark masses with those given in the previous works using $N_f=2$ full QCD configurations and the experiment.
We compare higher moments of baryon numbers measured at the RHIC heavy ion collision experiments with those by the lattice QCD calculations. We employ the canonical approach, in which we can access the real chemical potential regions avoiding the sign problem. In the lattice QCD simulations, we study several fits of the number density in the pure imaginary chemical potential, and analyze how these fits affects behaviors at the real chemical potential. In the energy regions between $sqrt{s}_{NN}$=19.6 and 200 GeV, the susceptibility calculated at $T/T_c=0.93$ is consistent with experimental data at $0 le mu_B/T < 1.5$, while the kurtosis shows similar behavior with that of the experimental data in the small $mu_B/T$ regions $0 le mu_B/T < 0.3$. The experimental data at $sqrt{s}_{NN}=$ 11.5 shows quite different behavior. The lattice result in the deconfinement region,$T/T_c=1.35$, is far from experimental data.
We study the phase structure and condensates of two-flavor QCD at finite isospin chemical potential in the framework of a confining, Dyson-Schwinger equation model. We find that the pion superfluidity phase is favored at high enough isospin chemical potential. A new gauge invariant mixed quark-gluon condensate induced by isospin chemical potential is proposed based on Operator Product Expansion. We investigate the sign and magnitude of this new condensate and show that its an important condensate in QCD sum rules at finite isospin density.
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