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Register a new userHigh-precision $Q_{EC}$-value measurement of the superallowed $beta^+$ emitter $^{22}$Mg and an evaluation of the $A=22$ isobaric triplet
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A direct $Q_{EC}$-value measurement of the superallowed $beta^+$ emitter $^{22}$Mg was performed using TRIUMFs Ion Trap for Atomic and Nuclear science (TITAN). The direct ground-state to ground-state atomic mass difference between $^{22}$Mg and $^{22}$Na was determined to be $Q_{EC}=4781.40(22)$~keV, representing the most precise single measurement of this quantity to date. In a continued push towards calculating superallowed isospin-symmetry-breaking (ISB) corrections from first principles, ab-initio shell-model calculations of the $A=22$ IMME are also presented for the first time using the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group formalism. With particular starting two- and three-nucleon forces, this approach demonstrates a level of agreement with the experimental data that suggests reliable ab-initio calculations of superallowed ISB corrections are now possible.
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A high-precision half-life measurement for the superallowed Fermi $beta^+$ emitter $^{22}$Mg was performed at the TRIUMF-ISAC facility using a 4$pi$ proportional gas counter. The result of $T_{1/2} = 3.87400 pm 0.00079$ s is a factor of 3 more precise than the previously adopted world average and resolves a discrepancy between the two previously published $^{22}$Mg half-life measurements.
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B. E. Glassman (Department of Physics
, Astronomy
, Nationaln Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory
2019
textbf{Background}: Superallowed $0^+ rightarrow 0^+$ $beta$ decays of isospin $T=2$ nuclides can be used to test theoretical isospin symmetry breaking corrections applied to extract the CKM matrix element $V_{ud}$ from $T = 0,1$ decays by measuring precise $ft$ values and also to search for scalar currents using the $beta- u$ angular correlation. Key ingredients include the $Q_{textrm{EC}}$ value and branching of the superallowed transition and the half life of the parent. textbf{Purpose}: To determine a precise experimental $Q_{textrm{EC}}$ value for the superallowed $0^+ rightarrow 0^+$ $beta$ decay of $T=2$ $^{20}$Mg and the intensity of $^{20}$Mg $beta$-delayed $gamma$ rays through the isobaric analog state in $^{20}$Na. textbf{Method}: A beam of $^{20}$Mg was produced using the in-flight method and implanted into a plastic scintillator surrounded by an array of high-purity germanium detectors used to detect $beta$-delayed $gamma$ rays. The high-resolution $gamma$-ray spectrum was analyzed to measure the $gamma$-ray energies and intensities. textbf{Results}: The intensity of $^{20}$Mg $beta$-delayed $gamma$ rays through the isobaric analog state in $^{20}$Na was measured to be $(1.60 pm 0.04_{textrm{stat}} pm 0.15_{textrm{syst}} pm 0.15_{textrm{theo}}) times 10^{-4}$, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and theoretical, respectively. The $Q_{textrm{EC}}$ value for the superallowed transition was determined to be $4128.7 pm 2.2$ keV based on the measured excitation energy of $6498.4 pm 0.2_{textrm{stat}} pm 0.4_{textrm{syst}}$ keV and literature values for the ground-state masses of $^{20}$Na and $^{20}$Mg. textbf{Conclusions}: The $beta$-delayed $gamma$-decay branch and $Q_{textrm{EC}}$ value are now sufficiently precise to match or exceed the sensitivity required for current low-energy tests of the standard model.
We report the first direct measurement of the $^{14}text{O}$ superallowed Fermi $beta$-decay $Q_{EC}$-value, the last of the so-called traditional nine superallowed Fermi $beta$-decays to be measured with Penning trap mass spectrometry. $^{14}$O, along with the other low-$Z$ superallowed $beta$-emitter, $^{10}$C, is crucial for setting limits on the existence of possible scalar currents. The new ground state $Q_{EC}$ value, 5144.364(25) keV, when combined with the energy of the $0^+$ daughter state, $E_x(0^+)=2312.798(11)$~keV [Nucl. Phys. A {bf{523}}, 1 (1991)], provides a new determination of the superallowed $beta$-decay $Q_{EC}$ value, $Q_{EC}(text{sa}) = 2831.566(28)$ keV, with an order of magnitude improvement in precision, and a similar improvement to the calculated statistical rate function $f$. This is used to calculate an improved $mathcal{F}t$-value of 3073.8(2.8) s.
The competing $^{22}$Ne($alpha,gamma$)$^{26}$Mg and $^{22}$Ne($alpha,n$)$^{25}$Mg reactions control the production of neutrons for the weak $s$-process in massive and AGB stars. In both systems, the ratio between the corresponding reaction rates strongly impacts the total neutron budget and strongly influences the final nucleosynthesis. The $^{22}$Ne($alpha,gamma$)$^{26}$Mg and $^{22}$Ne($alpha,n$)$^{25}$Mg reaction rates was re-evaluated by using newly available information on $^{26}$Mg given by various recent experimental studies. Evaluations of The evaluated $^{22}$Ne($alpha,gamma$)$^{26}$Mg reaction rate remains substantially similar to that of Longland {it et al.} but, including recent results from Texas A&M, the $^{22}$Ne($alpha,n$)$^{25}$Mg reaction rate is lower at a range of astrophysically important temperatures. Stellar models computed with NEWTON and MESA predict decreased production of the weak branch $s$-process due to the decreased efficiency of $^{22}$Ne as a neutron source. Using the new reaction rates in the MESA model results in $^{96}$Zr/$^{94}$Zr and $^{135}$Ba/$^{136}$Ba ratios in much better agreement with the measured ratios from presolar SiC grains.
We have measured the half-life of the superallowed 0+ -to- 0+ beta+ emitter 26Si to be 2245.3(7) ms. We used pure sources of 26Si and employed a high-efficiency gas counter, which was sensitive to positrons from both this nuclide and its daughter 26mAl. The data were analyzed as a linked parent-daughter decay. To contribute meaningfully to any test of the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix, the ft value of a superallowed transition must be determined to a precision of 0.1% or better. With a precision of 0.03% the present result is more than sufficient to be compatable with that requirement. Only the branching ratio now remains to be measured precisely before a +/-0.1% ft value can be obtained for the superallowed transition from 26Si.
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