No Arabic abstract
Finite element models without simplifying assumptions can accurately describe the spatial and temporal distribution of heat in machine tools as well as the resulting deformation. In principle, this allows to correct for displacements of the Tool Centre Point and enables high precision manufacturing. However, the computational cost of FEM models and restriction to generic algorithms in commercial tools like ANSYS prevents their operational use since simulations have to run faster than real-time. For the case where heat diffusion is slow compared to machine movement, we introduce a tailored implicit-explicit multi-rate time stepping method of higher order based on spectral deferred corrections. Using the open-source FEM library DUNE, we show that fully coupled simulations of the temperature field are possible in real-time for a machine consisting of a stock sliding up and down on rails attached to a stand.
Workflow support typically focuses on single simulation experiments. This is also the case for simulation based on finite element methods. If entire simulation studies shall be supported, flexible means for intertwining revising the model, collecting data, executing and analyzing experiments are required. Artifact-based workflows present one means to support entire simulation studies, as has been shown for stochastic discrete-event simulation. To adapt the approach to finite element methods, the set of artifacts, i.e., conceptual model, requirement, simulation model, and simulation experiment, and the constraints that apply are extended by new artifacts, such as geometrical model, input data, and simulation data. Artifacts, their life cycles, and constraints are revisited revealing features both types of simulation studies share and those they vary in. Also, the potential benefits of exploiting an artifact-based workflow approach are shown based on a concrete simulation study. To those benefits belong guidance to systematically conduct simulation studies, reduction of effort by automatically executing specific steps, e.g., generating and executing convergence tests, and support for the automatic reporting of provenance.
We present a novel method for finite element analysis of inelastic structures containing Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs). Phenomenological constitutive models for SMAs lead to material nonlinearities, that require substantial computational effort to resolve. Finite element analysis methods, which rely on Gauss quadrature integration schemes, must solve two sets of coupled differential equations: one at the global level and the other at the local, i.e. Gauss point level. In contrast to the conventional return mapping algorithm, which solves these two sets of coupled differential equations separately using a nested Newton procedure, we propose a scheme to solve the local and global differential equations simultaneously. In the process we also derive closed-form expressions used to update the internal state variables, and unify the popular closest-point and cutting plane methods with our formulas. Numerical testing indicates that our method allows for larger thermomechanical loading steps and provides increased computational efficiency, over the standard return mapping algorithm.
An efficient method for the calculation of ferromagnetic resonant modes of magnetic structures is presented. Finite-element discretization allows flexible geometries and location dependent material parameters. The resonant modes can be used for a semi-analytical calculation of the power spectral density of the thermal white-noise, which is relevant for many sensor applications. The proposed method is validated by comparing the noise spectrum of a nano-disk with time-domain simulations.
Real-time simulation enables the understanding of system operating conditions by evaluating simulation models of physical components running synchronized at the real-time wall clock. Leveraging the real-time measurements of comprehensive system models, faster than real-time (FTRT) simulation allows the evaluation of system architectures at speeds faster than real-time. FTRT simulation can assist in predicting the systems behavior efficiently, thus assisting the operation of system processes. Namely, the provided acceleration can be used for improving system scheduling, assessing system vulnerabilities, and predicting system disruptions in real-time systems. The acceleration of simulation times can be achieved by utilizing digital real-time simulators (RTS) and high-performance computing (HPC) architectures. FTRT simulation has been widely used, among others, for the operation, design, and investigation of power system events, building emergency management plans, wildfire prediction, etc. In this paper, we review the existing literature on FTRT simulation and its applications in different disciplines, with a particular focus on power systems. We present existing system modeling approaches, simulation tools and computing frameworks, and stress the importance of FTRT accuracy.
A thermodynamically consistent phase-field model is introduced for simulating motion and shape transformation of vesicles under flow conditions. In particular, a general slip boundary condition is used to describe the interaction between vesicles and the wall of the fluid domain. A second-order accurate in both space and time C0 finite element method is proposed to solve the model governing equations. Various numerical tests confirm the convergence, energy stability, and conservation of mass and surface area of cells of the proposed scheme. Vesicles with different mechanical properties are also used to explain the pathological risk for patients with sickle cell disease.