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Register a new userTowards a medium-scale axion helioscope and haloscope
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We discuss the physics case for and the concept of a medium-scale axion helioscope with sensitivities in the axion-photon coupling a few times better than CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST). Search for an axion-like particle with these couplings is motivated by several persistent astrophysical anomalies. We present early conceptual design, existing infrastructure, projected sensitivity and timeline of such a helioscope (Troitsk Axion Solar Telescope Experiment, TASTE) to be constructed in the Institute for Nuclear Research, Troitsk, Russia. The proposed instrument may be also used for the search of dark-matter halo axions.
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We study the feasibility of a new generation axion helioscope, the most ambitious and promising detector of solar axions to date. We show that large improvements in magnetic field volume, x-ray focusing optics and detector backgrounds are possible beyond those achieved in the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST). For hadronic models, a sensitivity to the axion-photon coupling of $gagammagtrsim {rm few} times 10^{-12}$ GeV$^{-1}$ is conceivable, 1--1.5 orders of magnitude beyond the CAST sensitivity. If axions also couple to electrons, the Sun produces a larger flux for the same value of the Peccei-Quinn scale, allowing one to probe a broader class of models. Except for the axion dark matter searches, this experiment will be the most sensitive axion search ever, reaching or surpassing the stringent bounds from SN1987A and possibly testing the axion interpretation of anomalous white-dwarf cooling that predicts $m_a$ of a few meV. Beyond axions, this new instrument will probe entirely unexplored ranges of parameters for a large variety of axion-like particles (ALPs) and other novel excitations at the low-energy frontier of elementary particle physics.
The axion is an intriguing dark matter candidate emerging from the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem. Current experimental searches for axion dark matter focus on the axion mass range below 40 $mu$eV. However, if the Peccei-Quinn symmetry is restored after inflation the observed dark matter density points to an axion mass around 100 $mu$eV. A new project based on axion-photon conversion at the transition between different dielectric media is presented. By using $sim 80$ dielectric discs, the emitted power could be enhanced by a factor of $sim 10^5$ over that from a single mirror (flat dish antenna). Within a 10 T magnetic field, this could be enough to detect $sim 100 mu$eV axions with HEMT linear amplifiers. The design for an experiment is proposed. Results from noise, transmissivity and reflectivity measurements obtained in a prototype setup are presented. The expected sensitivity is shown.
A new search result of the Tokyo axion helioscope is presented. The axion helioscope consists of a dedicated cryogen-free 4T superconducting magnet with an effective length of 2.3 m and PIN photodiodes as x-ray detectors. Solar axions, if exist, would be converted into X-ray photons through the inverse Primakoff process in the magnetic field. Conversion is coherently enhanced even for massive axions by filling the conversion region with helium gas. The present third phase measurement sets a new limit of g_{agammagamma}<(5.6--13.4)times10^{-10} GeV^{-1} for the axion mass of 0.84<m_a<1.0 eV at 95% confidence level.
A preliminary result of the solar axion search experiment at the University of Tokyo is presented. We searched for axions which could be produced in the solar core by exploiting the axion helioscope. The helioscope consists of a superconducting magnet with field strength of 4 Tesla over 2.3 meters. From the absence of the axion signal we set a 95 % confidence level upper limit on the axion coupling to two photons $g_{agammagamma} < 6.0 times 10^{-10} GeV^{-1}$ for the axion mass $m_a < 0.03$ eV. This is the first solar axion search experiment whose sensitivity to $g_{agammagamma}$ exceeds the limit inferred from the solar age consideration.
We generalize the recently proposed $mathcal{PT}$-symmetric axion haloscope to a larger array with more $mathcal{PT}$-symmetric structures. The optimized signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) has a greater enhancement, as well as the signal power. Furthermore, we show that the robustness of the detector towards the variations of the array coupling is the strongest when a binary tree structure is introduced which contains a largely enhanced $mathcal{PT}$ symmetry. The multiple allowed probing sensors can further increase the SNR by a factor of sensors number due to the correlation of the signals. This type of array can strongly boost the search for axion compared to single mode resonant detection. The enhancement to the SNR becomes the most manifest when applied to the newly proposed detection using superconducting radiofrequency caivty with AC magnetic field where most of the parameter space of the QCD axion above kHz can be probed.
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