No Arabic abstract
Given two semistable, non potentially isotrivial elliptic surfaces over a curve $C$ defined over a field of characteristic zero or finitely generated over its prime field, we show that any compatible family of effective isometries of the N{e}ron-Severi lattices of the base changed elliptic surfaces for all finite separable maps $Bto C$ arises from an isomorphism of the elliptic surfaces. Without the effectivity hypothesis, we show that the two elliptic surfaces are isomorphic. We also determine the group of universal automorphisms of a semistable elliptic surface. In particular, this includes showing that the Picard-Lefschetz transformations corresponding to an irreducible component of a singular fibre, can be extended as universal isometries. In the process, we get a family of homomorphisms of the affine Weyl group associated to $tilde{A}_{n-1}$ to that of $tilde{A}_{dn-1}$, indexed by natural numbers $d$, which are closed under composition.
We recast elliptic surfaces over the projective line in terms of the non-commutative tori with real multiplication. The correspondence is used to study the Picard numbers, the ranks and the minimal models of such surfaces. As an example, we calculate the Picard numbers of elliptic surfaces with complex multiplication.
We establish a local model for the moduli space of holomorphic symplectic structures with logarithmic poles, near the locus of structures whose polar divisor is normal crossings. In contrast to the case without poles, the moduli space is singular: when the cohomology class of a symplectic structure satisfies certain linear equations with integer coefficients, its polar divisor can be partially smoothed, yielding adjacent irreducible components of the moduli space that correspond to possibly non-normal crossings structures. These components are indexed by combinatorial data we call smoothing diagrams, and amenable to algorithmic classification. Applying the theory to four-dimensional projective space, we obtain a total of 40 irreducible components of the moduli space, most of which are new. Our main technique is a detailed analysis of the relevant deformation complex (the Poisson cohomology) as an object of the constructible derived category.
Let $k$ be a field finitely generated over the finite field $mathbb F_p$ of odd characteristic $p$. For any K3 surface $X$ over $k$ we prove that the prime to $p$ component of the cokernel of the natural map $Br(k)to Br(X)$ is finite.
Transcendental Brauer elements are notoriously difficult to compute. Work of Wittenberg, and later, Ieronymou, gives a method for computing 2-torsion transcendental classes on surfaces that have a genus 1 fibration with rational 2-torsion in the Jacobian fibration. We use ideas from a descent paper of Poonen and Schaefer to remove this assumption on the rational 2-torsion.