The first part of this article intends to present the role played by Thom in diffusing Smales ideas about immersion theory, at a time (1957) where some famous mathematicians were doubtful about them: it is clearly impossible to make the sphere inside out! Around a decade later, M. Gromov transformed Smales idea in what is now known as the h-principle. Here, the h stands for homotopy.Shortly after the astonishing discovery by Smale, Thom gave a conference in Lille (1959) announcing a theorem which would deserve to be named a homological h-principle. The aim of our second part is to comment about this theorem which was completely ignored by the topologists in Paris, but not in Leningrad. We explain Thoms statement and answer the question whether it is true. The first idea is combinatorial. A beautiful subdivision of the standard simplex emerges from Thoms article. We connect it with the jiggling technique introduced by W. Thurston in his seminal work on foliations.
Download