Currents represent generalized surfaces studied in geometric measure theory. They range from relatively tame integral currents representing oriented compact manifolds with boundary and integer multiplicities, to arbitrary elements of the dual space of differential forms. The flat norm provides a natural distance in the space of currents, and works by decomposing a $d$-dimensional current into $d$- and (the boundary of) $(d+1)$-dimensional pieces in an optimal way. Given an integral current, can we expect its flat norm decomposition to be integral as well? This is not known in general, except in the case of $d$-currents that are boundaries of $(d+1)$-currents in $mathbb{R}^{d+1}$ (following results from a corresponding problem on the $L^1$ total variation ($L^1$TV) of functionals). On the other hand, for a discretized flat norm on a finite simplicial complex, the analogous statement holds even when the inputs are not boundaries. This simplicial version relies on the total unimodularity of the boundary matrix of the simplicial complex -- a result distinct from the $L^1$TV approach. We develop an analysis framework that extends the result in the simplicial setting to one for $d$-currents in $mathbb{R}^{d+1}$, provided a suitable triangulation result holds. In $mathbb{R}^2$, we use a triangulation result of Shewchuk (bounding both the size and location of small angles), and apply the framework to show that the discrete result implies the continuous result for $1$-currents in $mathbb{R}^2$.
We show that the scalar curvature of a steady gradient Ricci soliton satisfying that the ratio between the square norm of the Ricci tensor and the square of the scalar curvature is bounded by one half, is boundend from below by the hyperbolic secant of one half the distance function from a fixed point.
On complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvature, Li-Schoen proved the uniform Poincare inequality for any ge odesic ball. In this note, we obtain the sharp lower bound of the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of such geodesic balls, which implies the sharp Poincare inequality for geodesic balls.
We obtain new topological information about the local structure of collapsing under a lower sectional curvature bound. As an application we prove a new sphere theorem and obtain a partial result towards the conjecture that not every Alexandrov space can be obtained as a limit of a sequence of Riemannian manifolds with sectional curvature bounded from below.