No Arabic abstract
It is well known that two-dimensional mappings preserving a rational elliptic fibration, like the Quispel-Roberts-Thompson mappings, can be deautonomized to discrete Painleve equations. However, the dependence of this procedure on the choice of a particular elliptic fiber has not been sufficiently investigated. In this paper we establish a way of performing the deautonomization for a pair of an autonomous mapping and a fiber. %By choosing a particular Starting from a single autonomous mapping but varying the type of a chosen fiber, we obtain different types of discrete Painleve equations using this deautonomization procedure. We also introduce a technique for reconstructing a mapping from the knowledge of its induced action on the Picard group and some additional geometric data. This technique allows us to obtain factorized expressions of discrete Painleve equations, including the elliptic case. Further, by imposing certain restrictions on such non-autonomous mappings we obtain new and simple elliptic difference Painleve equations, including examples whose symmetry groups do not appear explicitly in Sakais classification.
A geometric study of two 4-dimensional mappings is given. By the resolution of indeterminacy they are lifted to pseudo-automorphisms of rational varieties obtained from $({mathbb P}^1)^4$ by blowing-up along sixteen 2-dimensional subvarieties. The symmetry groups, the invariants and the degree growth rates are computed from the linearisation on the corresponding Neron-Severi bilattices. It turns out that the deautonomised version of one of the mappings is a Backlund transformation of a direct product of the fourth Painleve equation which has $A_2^{(1)}+A_2^{(1)}$ type affine Weyl group symmetry, while that of the other mapping is of Noumi-Yamadas $A_5^{(1)}$ Painleve equation.
We express discrete Painleve equations as discrete Hamiltonian systems. The discrete Hamiltonian systems here mean the canonical transformations defined by generating functions. Our construction relies on the classification of the discrete Painleve equations based on the surface-type. The discrete Hamiltonians we obtain are written in the logarithm and dilogarithm functions.
In this paper we study a certain recurrence relation, that can be used to generate ladder operators for the Laguerre Unitary ensemble, from the point of view of Sakais geometric theory of Painleve equations. On one hand, this gives us one more detailed example of the appearance of discrete Painleve equations in the theory of orthogonal polynomials. On the other hand, it serves as a good illustration of the effectiveness of a recently proposed procedure on how to reduce such recurrences to some canonical discrete Painleve equations.
Over the last decade it has become clear that discrete Painleve equations appear in a wide range of important mathematical and physical problems. Thus, the question of recognizing a given non-autonomous recurrence as a discrete Painleve equation and determining its type according to Sakais classification scheme, understanding whether it is equivalent to some known (model) example, and especially finding an explicit change of coordinates transforming it to such an example, becomes one of the central ones. Fortunately, Sakais geometric theory provides an almost algorithmic procedure for answering this question. In this paper we illustrate this procedure by studying an example coming from the theory of discrete orthogonal polynomials. There are many connections between orthogonal polynomials and Painleve equations, both differential and discrete. In particular, often the coefficients of three-term recurrence relations for discrete orthogonal polynomials can be expressed in terms of solutions of discrete Painleve equations. In this work we study discrete orthogonal polynomials with general hypergeometric weight and show that their recurrence coefficients satisfy, after some change of variables, the standard discrete Painleve-V equation. We also provide an explicit change of variables transforming this equation to the standard form.
The classical Painleve equations are so well known that it may come as a surprise to learn that the asymptotic description of its solutions remains incomplete. The problem lies mainly with the description of families of solutions in the complex domain. Where asymptotic descriptions are known, they are stated in the literature as valid for large connected domains, which include movable poles of families of solutions. However, asymptotic analysis necessarily assumes that the solutions are bounded and so these domains must be punctured at locations corresponding to movable poles, leading to asymptotic results that may not be uniformly valid. To overcome these issues, we recently carried out asymptotic analysis in Okamotos geometric space of initial values for the first and second Painleve equations. In this paper, we review this method and indicate how it may be extended to the discrete Painleve equations.