No Arabic abstract
We theoretically investigate and experimentally demonstrate a procedure for conditional control and enhancement of an interferometric coupling between two qubits encoded into states of bosonic particles. Our procedure combines local coupling of one of the particles to an auxiliary mode and single-qubit quantum filtering. We experimentally verify the proposed procedure using a linear optical setup where qubits are encoded into quantum states of single photons and coupled at a beam splitter with a fixed transmittance. With our protocol, we implement a range of different effective transmittances, demonstrate both enhancement and reduction of the coupling strength, and observe dependence of two-photon bunching on the effective transmittance. To make our analysis complete, we also theoretically investigate a more general scheme where each particle is coupled to a separate auxiliary mode and show that this latter scheme enables to achieve higher implementation probability. We show that our approach can be extended also to other kinds of qubit-qubit interactions.
To realize fault-tolerant quantum computing, it is necessary to store quantum information in logical qubits with error correction functions, realized by distributing a logical state among multiple physical qubits or by encoding it in the Hilbert space of a high-dimensional system. Quantum gate operations between these error-correctable logical qubits, which are essential for implementation of any practical quantum computational task, have not been experimentally demonstrated yet. Here we demonstrate a geometric method for realizing controlled-phase gates between two logical qubits encoded in photonic fields stored in cavities. The gates are realized by dispersively coupling an ancillary superconducting qubit to these cavities and driving it to make a cyclic evolution depending on the joint photonic state of the cavities, which produces a conditional geometric phase. We first realize phase gates for photonic qubits with the logical basis states encoded in two quasiorthogonal coherent states, which have important implications for continuous-variable-based quantum computation. Then we use this geometric method to implement a controlled-phase gate between two binomially encoded logical qubits, which have an error-correctable function.
We generate and study the entanglement properties of novel states composed of three polarisation-encoded photonic qubits. By varying a single experimental parameter we can coherently move from a fully separable state to a maximally robust W state, while at all times preserving an optimally robust, symmetric entanglement configuration. We achieve a high fidelity with these configurations experimentally, including the highest reported W state fidelity.
Fixed-frequency qubits can suffer from always-on interactions that inhibit independent control. Here, we address this issue by experimentally demonstrating a superconducting architecture using qubits that comprise of two capacitively-shunted Josephson junctions connected in series. Historically known as tunable coupling qubits (TCQs), such two-junction qubits support two modes with distinct frequencies and spatial symmetries. By selectively coupling only one type of mode and using the other as our computational basis, we greatly suppress crosstalk between the data modes while permitting all-microwave two-qubit gates.
A behavior of a two qubit system coupled by the electric capacitance has been studied quantum mechanically. We found that the interaction is essentially the same as the one for the dipole-dipole interaction; i.e., qubit-qubit coupling of the NMR quantum gate. Therefore a quantum gate could be constructed by the same operation sequence for the NMR device if the coupling is small enough. The result gives an information to the effort of development of the devices assuming capacitive coupling between qubits.
Photon emission and absorption by an individual qubit are essential elements for the quantum manipulation of light. Here we demonstrate the controllability of spontaneous emission of a qubit in various electromagnetic environments. The parameter regimes that allow for exible control of the qubit emission routes are comprehensively discussed. By properly tuning the system couplings and decay rates, the spontaneous emission rate of the qubit can undergo Purcell enhancement and inhibition. Particularly, when the cavity is prepared in the excited state, the spontaneous emission rate of the qubit can be significantly suppressed. We also demonstrate a spectral filter effect which can be realised by controlling the steady-state emission spectra of qubits.