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Register a new userSolar system tests for realistic $f(T)$ models with nonminimal torsion-matter coupling
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In the previous paper, we have constructed two $f(T)$ models with nonminimal torsion-matter coupling extension, which are successful in describing the evolution history of the Universe including the radiation-dominated era, the matter-dominated era, and the present accelerating expansion. Meantime, the significant advantage of these models is that they could avoid the cosmological constant problem of $Lambda$CDM. However, the nonminimal coupling between matter and torsion will affect the tests of Solar system. In this paper, we study the effects of Solar system in these models, including the gravitation redshift, geodetic effect and perihelion preccesion. We find that Model I can pass all three of the Solar system tests. For Model II, the parameter is constrained by the measure of the perihelion precession of Mercury.
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Using the observation data of SNeIa, CMB and BAO, we establish two concrete $f(T)$ models with nonminimal torsion-matter coupling extension. We study in detail the cosmological implication of our models and find they are successful in describing the observation of the Universe, its large scale structure and evolution. In other words, these models do not change the successful aspects of $Lambda$CDM scenario under the error band of fitting values as describing the evolution history of the Universe including radiation-dominated era, matter-dominated era and the present accelerating expansion. Meanwhile, the significant advantage of these models is that they could avoid the cosmological constant problem of $Lambda$CDM. A joint analysis is performed by using the data of CMB+BAO+JLA, which leads to $Omega_{m0}=0.255pm 0.010, Omega_{b0}h^2=0.0221pm 0.0003$ and $H_0=68.54pm 1.27$ for model I and $Omega_{m0}=0.306pm 0.010, Omega_{b0}h^2=0.0225pm 0.0003$ and $H_0=60.97pm 0.44$ for model II at 1$sigma$ confidence level. The evolution of the decelaration parameter $q(a)$ and the effective equation of state $w_{DE}(a)$ are displayed. Furthermore, The resulted age of the Universe from our models is consistent with the ages of the oldest globular clusters. As for the fate of the Universe, model I results in a de Sitter accelerating phase while model II appears a power-law one, even though $w_{DE0}< -1$ makes model I look like a phantom at present time.
Wormholes are hypothetical tunnels that connect remote parts of spacetime. In General Relativity, wormholes are threaded by exotic matter that violates the energy conditions. In this work, we consider wormholes threaded by nonexotic matter in nonminimal torsion-matter coupling $f(T)$ gravity. We find that the nonminimal torsion-matter coupling can indeed hold the wormhole open. However, from geometric point of view, for the wormhole to have asymptotic flatness, the coupling matter density must falloff rapidly at large radius, otherwise the physical wormhole must be finite due to either change of metric signature or lack of valid embedding. On the other hand, the matter source supporting the wormhole can satisfy the null energy condition only in the neighborhood of the throat of the wormhole. Therefore, the wormhole in the underlying model has finite sizes and cannot stretch to the entire spacetime.
The currently accelerated expansion of our Universe is unarguably one of the most intriguing problems in todays physics research. Two realistic non-minimal torsion-matter coupling $f(T)$ models have been established and studied in our previous papers [Phys. Rev. D92, 104038(2015) and Eur. Phys. J. C77, 504(2017)] aiming to explain this dark energy problem. In this paper, we study the generalized power-law torsion-matter coupling $f(T)$ model. Dynamical system analysis shows that the three expansion phases of the Universe, i.e. the radiation dominated era, the matter dominated era and the dark energy dominated era, can all be reproduced in this generalized model. By using the statefinder and $Om$ diagnostics, we find that the different cases of the model can be distinguished from each other and from other dark energy models such as the two models in our previous papers, $Lambda$CDM, quintessence and Chaplygin gas. Furthermore, the analyses also show that all kinds of generalized power-law torsion-matter coupling model are able to cross the $w=-1$ divide from below to above, thus the decrease of the energy density resulting from the crossing of $w$ will make the catastrophic fate of the Universe avoided and a de Sitter expansion fate in the future will be approached.
We investigate the nonrotating neutron stars in $f(T)$ gravity with $f(T)=T+alpha T^2$, where $T$ is the torsion scalar in the teleparallel formalism of gravity. In particular, we utilize the SLy and BSk family of equations of state for perfect fluid to describe the neutron stellar matter and search for the effects of the $f(T)$ modification on the models of neutron stars. For positive $alpha$, the modification results in a stronger gravitation exerted on the stellar matter, leading to a smaller stellar mass in comparison to general relativity. Moreover, there seems to be an upper limit for the central density of the neutron stars with $alpha>0$, beyond which the effective $f(T)$ fluid would have a steplike phase transition in density and pressure profiles, collapsing the numerical system. For negative $alpha$, the $f(T)$ modification provides additional support for neutron stars to contain larger amount of matter. We obtain the mass-radius relations of the realistic models of neutron stars and subject them to the joint constraints from the observed massive pulsars PSR J0030+0451, PSR J0740+6620, and PSR J2215+5135, and gravitational wave events GW170817 and GW190814. For BSk19 equation of state, the neutron star model in $f(T)$ gravity can accommodate all the mentioned data when $alphale 3.5 G^2M_odot^2/c^4$. For BSk20, BSk21 and SLy equations of state, the observational data constrain the model parameter $alpha$ to be negative. If one considers the unknown compact object in the event GW190814 not to be a neutron star and hence excludes this dataset, the constraints for BSk20 and BSk21 models can be loosened to $alphale 0.4 G^2M_odot^2/c^4$ and $alphale 1.9 G^2M_odot^2/c^4$, respectively.
We perform a phase space analysis of a generalized modified gravity theory with nonminimally coupling between geometry and matter. We apply the dynamical system approach to this generalized model and find that in the cosmological context, different choices of Lagrangian density will apparently result in different phases of the Universe. By carefully choosing the variables, we prove that there is an attractor solution to describe the late time accelerating universe when the modified gravity is chosen in a simple power-law form of the curvature scalar. We further examine the temperature evolution based on the thermodynamic understanding of the model. Confronting the model with supernova type Ia data sets, we find that the nonminimally coupled theory of gravity is a viable model to describe the late time Universe acceleration.
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