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Register a new userV470 Cas and GSC 2901-00089, Two New Double-mode Cepheids
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We present a photometric study of two new double-mode Cepheids, pulsating in the first and second overtones modes: V470 Cas and GSC 2901-00089. For the search of the double-mode variability, we used all available observations from the ROTSE-I/NSVS and SuperWASP online public archives. Our multicolour CCD observations in the B, V and R bands in Johnsons system confirm the double periodicity of these variables. We study period variations of the two stars; variations of the first overtone periods were reliably detected. In addition, we consider the Petersen diagram for the Galactic 1O/2O Cepheids.
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The ratio of the first overtone (1O) / fundamental (F) periods of mixed-mode Cepheids that pulsate simultaneously in these two modes (F/1O) is metallicity-dependent. It can therefore be used to characterize the systems that host such variable stars. We want to take advantage of the F/1O double-mode Cepheids listed in the Gaia DR2 catalogue to derive the metallicity gradient in the Milky Way disk. The metallicity is derived from the ratio of the first overtone and fundamental periods provided by Gaia DR2 while the Gaia DR2 parallaxes are used to determine the Galactocentric distances of the stars. From a visual inspection of the light curves, it turns out that a large fraction (77%) of the Galactic F/1O double-mode Cepheids in Gaia DR2 are spurious detections. Gaia DR2 provides 3 new bona fide F/1O Cepheids. Combining them with the currently known F/1O Cepheids and using the Gaia DR2 parallaxes for the entire sample, we can derive the metallicity gradient in the Milky Way disk. We find a slope of -0.045$pm$0.007 dex/kpc using a bootstrap method, and of -0.040$pm$0.002 dex/kpc using a total least squares method. These results are in good agreement with previous determinations of the [Fe/H] gradient in the disk based on canonical Cepheids. The period ratio of F/1O Cepheids allows for a reliable determination of the metallicity gradient in the Milky Way, and in turn, in other systems that would be difficult to reach via classical spectroscopic methods.
Aims: We define the relationship between the double-mode pulsation of Cepheids and metallicity in a more accurate way, determine the empirical metallicities of double-mode Cepheids from homogeneous, high-resolution spectroscopic data, and study of the period-ratio -- metallicity dependence. Methods: The high S/N echelle spectra obtained with the FEROS spectrograph were analyzed using a self-developed IRAF script, and the iron abundances were determined by comparing with synthetic spectra assuming LTE. Results: Accurate [Fe/H] values of 17 galactic beat Cepheids were determined. All these stars have solar or slightly subsolar metallicity. Their period ratio P1/P0 shows strong correlation with their derived [Fe/H] values. The corresponding period ratio -- metallicity relation has been evaluated.
Classical Cepheids (DCEPs) are important astrophysical objects not only as standard candles in the determination of the cosmic distance ladder, but also as a testbed for the stellar evolution theory, thanks to the strict connection between their pulsation [period(s), amplitudes] and stellar (luminosity, mass, effective temperature, metallicity) parameters. We aim at unveiling the nature of the Galactic DCEP V363 Cas and other DCEPs showing cosmic abundances of lithium in their atmospheres. We have collected three epochs high-resolution spectroscopy for V363 Cas with HARPS-N@TNG. Accurate stellar parameters: effective temperatures, gravities, micro-turbulences, radial velocities, and metal abundances were measured for this star. We detected a lithium abundance of A(Li)=2.86+-0.10 dex, along with iron, carbon and oxygen abundances of [Fe/H]=-0.30+-0.12 dex, [C/H]=-0.06+-0.15 dex and [O/H]=0.00+-0.12 dex. V363 Cas is the fifth among the Milky Way DCEPs to exhibit a Li-rich feature. An analysis of historical time-series spanning a hundred year interval shows that the period of V363 Cas is increasing, with a sharp acceleration after HJD=2453000. This is a clear hint of first crossing of the instability strip. Our results favour the scenario in which the five Galactic Li-rich DCEPs are first-crossing the instability strip having had slowly-rotating progenitors during their main sequence phase.
Masses of classical Cepheids of 3 to 11 M$odot$ are predicted by theory but those measured, clump between 3.6 and 5 M$odot$. As a result, their mass-luminosity relation is poorly constrained, impeding our understanding of basic stellar physics and the Leavitt Law. All Cepheid masses come from the analysis of 11 binary systems, including only 5 double-lined and well-suited for accurate dynamical mass determination. We present a project to analyze a new, numerous group of Cepheids in double-lined binary (SB2) systems to provide mass determinations in a wide mass interval and study their evolution. We analyze a sample of 41 candidate binary LMC Cepheids spread along the P-L relation, that are likely accompanied by luminous red giants, and present indirect and direct indicators of their binarity. In a spectroscopic study of a subsample of 18 brightest candidates, for 16 we detected lines of two components in the spectra, already quadrupling the number of Cepheids in SB2 systems. Observations of the whole sample may thus lead to quadrupling all the Cepheid mass estimates available now. For the majority of our candidates, erratic intrinsic period changes dominate over the light travel-time effect due to binarity. However, the latter may explain the periodic phase modulation for 4 Cepheids. Our project paves the way for future accurate dynamical mass determinations of Cepheids in the LMC, Milky Way, and other galaxies, which will potentially increase the number of known Cepheid masses even 10-fold, hugely improving our knowledge about these important stars.
We study the newly discovered variable star GSC 4560--02157. CCD photometry was performed in 2013--2014, and a spectrum was obtained with the 6-m telescope in June, 2014. GSC 4560--02157 is demonstrated to be a short-period (P=0.265359d) eclipsing variable star. All its flat-bottom primary minima are approximately at the same brightness level, while the stars out-of-eclipse brightness and brightness at secondary minimum varies considerably (by up to 0.6m) from cycle to cycle. Besides, there are short-term (time scale of 0.03-0.04 days) small-amplitude brightness variations out of eclipse. This behavior suggests cataclysmic nature of the star, confirmed with a spectrum taken on June 5, 2014. The spectrum shows numerous emissions of the hydrogen Balmer series, HeI, HeII.
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