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Register a new userThe 2X-HI disks of spiral galaxies
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Added by
Baerbel Silvia Koribalski
Publication date
2016
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Authors
B. S. Koribalski
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The outskirts of galaxies - especially the very extended HI disks of galaxies - are strongly affected by their local environment. I highlight the giant 2X-HI disks of nearby galaxies (M 83, NGC 3621, and NGC 1512), studied as part of the Local Volume HI Survey (LVHIS), their kinematics and relation to XUV disks, signatures of tidal interactions and accretion events, the MHI - DHI relation as well as the formation of tidal dwarf galaxies. - Using multi-wavelength data, I create 3D visualisations of the gas and stars in galaxies, with the shape of their warped disks obtained through kinematic modelling of their HI velocity fields.
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In this short write-up, I will concentrate on a few topics of interest. In the 1970s I found very extended HI disks in galaxies such as NGC 5055 and NGC 2841, out to 2 - 2.5 times the Holmberg radius. Since these galaxies are warped, a tilted ring model allows rotation curves to be derived, and evidence for dark matter to be found. The evaluation of the amount of dark matter is hampered by a disk-halo degeneracy, which can possibly be broken by observations of velocity dispersions in both the MgI region and the CaII region.
Quenched massive spiral galaxies have attracted great attention recently, as more data is available to constrain their environment and cold gas content. However, the quenching mechanism is still uncertain, as it depends on the mass range and baryon budget of the galaxy. In this letter, we report the identification of a rare population of very massive, quenched spiral galaxies with stellar mass $gtrsim10^{11}{rm~M_odot}$ and halo mass $gtrsim10^{13}{rm~M_odot}$ from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey at redshift $zsim0.1$. Our CO observations using the IRAM-30m telescope show that these galaxies contain only a small amount of molecular gas. Similar galaxies are also seen in the state-of-the-art semi-analytical models and hydro-dynamical simulations. It is found from these theoretical models that these quenched spiral galaxies harbor massive black holes, suggesting that feedback from the central black holes has quenched these spiral galaxies. This quenching mechanism seems to challenge the popular scenario of the co-evolution between massive black holes and massive bulges.
We present 21-cm observations and models of the neutral hydrogen in NGC 4565, a nearby, edge-on spiral galaxy, as part of the Westerbork Hydrogen Accretion in LOcal GAlaxieS (HALOGAS) survey. These models provide insight concerning both the morphology and kinematics of HI above, as well as within, the disk. NGC 4565 exhibits a distinctly warped and asymmetric disk with a flaring layer. Our modeling provides no evidence for a massive, extended HI halo. We see evidence for a bar and associated radial motions. Additionally, there are indications of radial motions within the disk, possibly associated with a ring of higher density. We see a substantial decrease in rotational velocity with height above the plane of the disk (a lag) of -40 +5/-20 km/s/kpc and -30 +5/-30 km s/kpc in the approaching and receding halves, respectively. This lag is only seen within the inner ~4.75 (14.9 kpc) on the approaching half and ~4.25 (13.4 kpc) on the receding, making this a radially shallowing lag, which is now seen in the HI layers of several galaxies. When comparing results for NGC 4565 and those for other galaxies, there are tentative indications of high star formation rate per unit area being associated with the presence of a halo. Finally, HI is found in two companion galaxies, one of which is clearly interacting with NGC 4565.
We present a recalibration of the luminosity-metallicity relation for gas-rich, star-forming dwarfs to magnitudes as faint as M$_R$ ~ -13. We use the Dopita et al. (2013) metallicity calibrations to calibrate the relation for all of the data in this analysis. In metallicity-luminosity space we find two sub-populations within a sample of high-confidence SDSS DR8 star-forming galaxies; 52% are metal-rich giants and 48% are metal-medium galaxies. Metal-rich dwarfs classified as tidal dwarf galaxy (TDG) candidates in the literature are typically of metallicity 12 + log(O/H) = 8.70 $pm$ 0.05, while SDSS dwarfs fainter than M$_R$ = -16 have a mean metallicity of 12 + log(O/H) = 8.28 $pm$ 0.10, regardless of their luminosity, indicating that there is an approximate floor to the metallicity of low luminosity galaxies. Our hydrodynamical simulations predict that TDGs should have metallicities elevated above the normal luminosity-metallicity relation. Metallicity can therefore be a useful diagnostic for identifying TDG candidate populations in the absence of tidal tails. At magnitudes brighter than M$_R$ ~ -16 our sample of 53 star-forming galaxies in 9 HI gas-rich groups is consistent with the normal relation defined by the SDSS sample. At fainter magnitudes there is an increase in dispersion in metallicity of our sample, suggestive of a wide range of HI content and environment. In our sample we identify three (16% of dwarfs) strong TDG candidates (12 + log(O/H) > 8.6), and four (21%) very metal poor dwarfs (12 + log(O/H) < 8.0), which are likely gas-rich dwarfs with recently ignited star formation.
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