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Register a new userReconstruction of Energy Spectra of Neutrino Beams Independent of Nuclear Effects: Prospects for Current Experiments
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X.-G. Lu
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The energy spectrum of a neutrino beam in the few-GeV region is free of uncertainties from nuclear effects when reconstructed via neutrino-hydrogen interactions. On a multinuclear (hydrogen containing) target such interactions can be extracted using transverse kinematic imbalance. We discuss the prospects of this technique for current experiments.
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We propose a new technique which enables an event-by-event selection of neutrino-hydrogen interactions in multi-nuclear targets and thereby allows application of hydrogen as targets in experiments with neutrino beams without involving cryogenics or high pressure hydrogen gas. This technique could significantly improve the reconstruction of the neutrino energy spectra. Since it allows a separation between hydrogen and the accompanying nuclei, this technique also enables us to measure nuclear effects in neutrino interactions directly.
As the calorimetric method of neutrino-energy reconstruction is generally considered to be largely insensitive to nuclear effects, its application seems to be an effective way for reducing systematic uncertainties in oscillation experiments. To verify the validity of this opinion, we quantitatively study the sensitivity of the calorimetric energy reconstruction to the effect of final-state interactions in an ideal detector and in a realistic scenario. We find that when particles escaping detection carry away a non-negligible fraction of neutrino energy, the calorimetric reconstruction method becomes sensitive to nuclear effects which, in turn, affects the outcome of the oscillation analysis. These findings suggest that the best strategy for reduction of systematic uncertainties in future neutrino-oscillation studies---such as the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment---is to increase their sensitivity to particles of low energy. The ambitious precision goals appear also to require an extensive development of theoretical models capable of providing an accurate predictions for exclusive cross sections of well-controlled uncertainties.
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Observation of supernovae (SN) through their neutrino emission is a fundamental point to understand both SN dynamics and neutrino physical properties. JUNO is a 20kton liquid scintillator detector, under construction in Jiangmen, China. The main aim of the experiment is to determine neutrino mass hierarchy by precisely measuring the energy spectrum of reactor electron antineutrinos. However due to its properties, JUNO has the capability of detecting a high statistics of SN events too. Existing data from SN neutrino consists only of 24 events coming from the SN 1987A,the detection of a SN burst in JUNO at $sim 10 kpc$ will yield $sim 5 x 10^{3}$ inverse beta decay (IBD) events from electron antineutrinos, about 1500 from proton elastic scattering (pES) above the threshold of 0.2 MeV, about 400 from electron elastic scattering (eES), plus several hundreds on other CC and NC interaction channels from all neutrino species.
The ALICE detector has been commissioned and is ready for taking data at the Large Hadron Collider. The first proton-proton collisions are expected in 2009. This contribution describes the current status of the detector, the results of the commissioning phase and its capabilities to contribute to the understanding of both pp and PbPb collisions
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