No Arabic abstract
In this paper, the classical and quantum solutions of some axisymmetric cosmologies coupled to a massless scalar field are studied in the context of minisuperspace approximation. In these models, the singular nature of the Lagrangians entails a search for possible conditional symmetries. These have been proven to be the simultaneous conformal symmetries of the supermetric and the superpotential. The quantization is performed by adopting the Dirac proposal for constrained systems, i.e. promoting the first-class constraints to operators annihilating the wave function. To further enrich the approach, we follow cite{Christodoulakis:2012eg} and impose the operators related to the classical conditional symmetries on the wave function. These additional equations select particular solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. In order to gain some physical insight from the quantization of these cosmological systems, we perform a semiclassical analysis following the Bohmian approach to quantum theory. The generic result is that, in all but one model, one can find appropriate ranges of the parameters, so that the emerging semiclassical geometries are non-singular. An attempt for physical interpretation involves the study of the effective energy-momentum tensor which corresponds to an imperfect fluid.
We discuss the particle horizon problem in the framework of spatially homogeneous and isotropic scalar cosmologies. To this purpose we consider a Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime with possibly non-zero spatial sectional curvature (and arbitrary dimension), and assume that the content of the universe is a family of perfect fluids, plus a scalar field that can be a quintessence or a phantom (depending on the sign of the kinetic part in its action functional). We show that the occurrence of a particle horizon is unavoidable if the field is a quintessence, the spatial curvature is non-positive and the usual energy conditions are fulfilled by the perfect fluids. As a partial converse, we present three solvable models where a phantom is present in addition to a perfect fluid, and no particle horizon~appears.
The Szekeres system is studied with two methods for the determination of conservation laws. Specifically we apply the theory of group invariant transformations and the method of singularity analysis. We show that the Szekeres system admits a Lagrangian and the conservation laws that we find can be derived by the application of Noethers theorem. The stability for the special solutions of the Szekeres system is studied and it is related with the with the Left or Right Painleve Series which describes the expansions.
We show that several integrable (i.e., exactly solvable) scalar cosmologies considered by Fre, Sagnotti and Sorin (Nuclear Physics textbf{B 877}(3) (2013), 1028--1106) can be generalized to include cases where the spatial curvature is not zero and, besides a scalar field, matter or radiation are present with an equation of state $p^{(m)} = w, rho^{(m)}$; depending on the specific form of the self-interaction potential for the field, the constant $w$ can be arbitrary or must be fixed suitably.
We investigate the dynamics of Einstein equations in the vicinity of the two recently described types of singularity of anisotropic and homogeneous cosmological models described by the action $$ S=int d^4x sqrt{-g}{F(phi)R - partial_aphipartial^aphi -2V(phi)}, $$ with general $F(phi)$ and $V(phi)$. The dynamical nature of each singularity is elucidated, and we show that both are, in general, dynamically unavoidable, reinforcing the unstable character of previous isotropic and homogeneous cosmological results obtained for the conformal coupling case.
There are a number of publications on relativistic objects dealing either with black holes or naked singularities in the center. Here we show that there exist static spherically symmetric solutions of Einstein equations with a strongly nonlinear scalar field with potential $V(varphi)simsinh(varphi^{2n})$, which allow the appearance of singularities of a new type (spherical singularities) outside the center of isolated configuration. The space-time is assumed to be asymptotically flat. Depending on the configuration parameters, we show that the distribution of the stable circular orbits of test bodies around the configuration is either similar to that in the case of the Schwarzschild solution (thus mimicking an ordinary black hole), or it contains additional rings of unstable orbits.