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Register a new userTrapping molecules on chips
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Added by
Gabriele Santambrogio
Publication date
2015
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Authors
Gabriele Santambrogio
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In the last years, it was demonstrated that neutral molecules can be loaded on a microchip directly from a supersonic beam. The molecules are confined in microscopic traps that can be moved smoothly over the surface of the chip. Once the molecules are trapped, they can be decelerated to a standstill, for instance, or pumped into selected quantum states by laser light or microwaves. Molecules are detected on the chip by time-resolved spatial imaging, which allows for the study of the distribution in the phase space of the molecular ensemble.
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A microstructured array of over 1200 electrodes on a substrate has been configured to generate an array of local minima of electric field strength with a periodicity of $120 mu$m about $25 mu$m above the substrate. By applying sinusoidally varying potentials to the electrodes, these minima can be made to move smoothly along the array. Polar molecules in low field seeking quantum states can be trapped in these traveling potential wells. This is experimentally demonstrated by transporting metastable CO molecules in 30 mK deep wells that move at constant velocities above the substrate.
We report on the Stark deceleration and electrostatic trapping of $^{14}$NH ($a ^1Delta$) radicals. In the trap, the molecules are excited on the spin-forbidden $A ^3Pi leftarrow a ^1Delta$ transition and detected via their subsequent fluorescence to the $X ^3Sigma^-$ ground state. The 1/e trapping time is 1.4 $pm$ 0.1 s, from which a lower limit of 2.7 s for the radiative lifetime of the $a ^1Delta, v=0,J=2$ state is deduced. The spectral profile of the molecules in the trapping field is measured to probe their spatial distribution. Electrostatic trapping of metastable NH followed by optical pumping of the trapped molecules to the electronic ground state is an important step towards accumulation of these radicals in a magnetic trap.
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We demonstrate coherent microwave control of the rotational, hyperfine and Zeeman states of ultracold CaF molecules, and the magnetic trapping of these molecules in a single, selectable quantum state. We trap about $5times 10^{3}$ molecules for 2 s at a temperature of 65(11) $mu$K and a density of $1.2 times 10^{5}$ cm$^{-3}$. We measure the state-specific loss rate due to collisions with background helium.
We report on the integration of small-scale optical components into silicon wafers for use in atom chips. We present an on-chip fibre-optic atom detection scheme that can probe clouds with small atom numbers. The fibres can also be used to generate microscopic dipole traps. We describe our most recent results with optical microcavities and show that single-atom detection can be realised on an atom chip. The key components have been fabricated by etching directly into the atom chip silicon substrate.
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