Subscribe to the gold package and get unlimited access to Shamra Academy
Register a new userArp 65 interaction debris: massive HI displacement and star formation
101
0
0.0
(
0
)
Added by
Chandreyee Sengupta
Publication date
2015
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Ask ChatGPT about the research
No Arabic abstract
Context: Pre-merger interactions between galaxies can induce significant changes in the morphologies and kinematics of the stellar and ISM components. Large amounts of gas and stars are often found to be disturbed or displaced as tidal debris. This debris then evolves, sometimes forming stars and occasionally tidal dwarf galaxies. Here we present results from our HI study of Arp 65, an interacting pair hosting extended HI tidal debris. Aims: In an effort to understand the evolution of tidal debris produced by interacting pairs of galaxies, including in situ star and tidal dwarf galaxy formation, we are mapping HI in a sample of interacting galaxy pairs. The Arp 65 pair is one of them. Methods: Our resolved HI 21 cm line survey is being carried out using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT). We used our HI survey data as well as available SDSS optical, Spitzer infra-red and GALEX UV data to study the evolution of the tidal debris and the correlation of HI with the star-forming regions within it. Results: In Arp 65 we see a high impact pre-merger interaction involving a pair of massive galaxies (NGC 90 and NGC 93) that have a stellar mass ratio of ~ 1:3. The interaction, which probably occurred ~ 1.0 -- 2.5 $times$ 10$^8$ yr ago, appears to have displaced a large fraction of the HI in NGC 90 (including the highest column density HI) beyond its optical disk. We also find extended ongoing star formation in the outer disk of NGC 90. In the major star-forming regions, we find the HI column densities to be ~ 4.7 $times$ 10$^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$ or lower. But no signature of star formation was found in the highest column density HI debris, SE of NGC 90. This indicates conditions within the highest column density HI debris remain hostile to star formation and it reaffirms that high HI column densities may be a necessary but not sufficient criterion for star formation.
rate research
Read More
We present results from GMRT HI 21 cm line observations of the interacting galaxy pair Arp 181 (NGC 3212 and NGC 3215) at z =0.032. We find almost all of the detected HI (90%) displaced well beyond the optical disks of the pair with the highest density HI located ~70 kpc west of the pair. An HI bridge extending between the optical pair and the bulk of the HI together with their HI deficiencies provide strong evidence that the interaction between the pair has removed most of their HI to the current projected position. HI to the west of the pair has two approximately equal intensity peaks. The HI intensity maximum furthest to the west coincides with a small spiral companion SDSS J102726.32+794911.9 which shows enhanced mid-infrared (Spitzer), UV (GALEX) and H alpha emission indicating intense star forming activity. The HI intensity maximum close to the Arp 181 pair, coincides with a diffuse optical cloud detected in UV (GALEX) at the end of the stellar and HI tidal tails originating at NGC 3212 and, previously proposed to be a tidal dwarf galaxy in formation. Future sensitive HI surveys by telescopes like ASKAP should prove to be powerful tools for identifying tidal dwarfs at moderate to large redshifts to explore in detail the evolution of dwarf galaxies in the Universe.
We present results from our Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) HI observations of the Arp 305 system. The system consists of two interacting spiral galaxies NGC 4016 and NGC 4017, a large amount of resultant tidal debris and a prominent tidal dwarf galaxy (TDG) candidate projected within the tidal bridge between the two principal galaxies. Our higher resolution GMRT HI mapping, compared to previous observations, allowed detailed study of smaller scale features. Our HI analysis supports the conclusion in Hancock et al. (2009) that the most recent encounter between the pair occurred $sim$ 4 $times$ 10$^8$ yrs ago. The GMRT observations also show HI features near NGC 4017 which may be remnants of an earlier encounter between the two galaxies. The HI properties of the Bridge TDG candidate include: M(HI) $sim$ 6.6 $times$ 10$^8$ msolar and V(HI) = 3500$pm$ 7 km/s, which is in good agreement with the velocities of the parent galaxies. Additionally the TDGs HI linewidth of 30 km/s and a modest velocity gradient together with its SFR of 0.2 msolar/yr add to the evidence favouring the bridge candidate being a genuine TDG. The Bridge TDGs textit{Spitzer} 3.6 $mu$m and 4.5 $mu$m counterparts with a [3.6]--[4.5] colour $sim$ -0.2 mag suggests stellar debris may have seeded its formation. Future spectroscopic observations could confirm this formation scenario and provide the metallicity which is a key criteria for the validation for TDG candidates.
Despite the existence of well-defined relationships between cold gas and star formation, there is evidence that some galaxies contain large amounts of HI that do not form stars efficiently. By systematically assessing the link between HI and star formation within a sample of galaxies with extremely high HI masses (log M_HI/M_sun > 10), we uncover a population of galaxies with an unexpected combination of high HI masses and low specific star formation rates that exists primarily at stellar masses greater than log M_*/M_sun ~ 10.5. We obtained HI maps of 20 galaxies in this population to understand the distribution of the HI and the physical conditions in the galaxies that could be suppressing star formation in the presence of large quantities of HI. We find that all of the galaxies we observed have low HI surface densities in the range in which inefficient star formation is common. The low HI surface densities are likely the main cause of the low sSFRs, but there is also some evidence that AGN or bulges contribute to the suppression of star formation. The samples agreement with the global star formation law highlights its usefulness as a tool for understanding galaxies that do not always follow expected relationships.
We present a Herschel far-infrared study towards the rich massive star- forming complex G305, utilising PACS 70, 160 {mu}m and SPIRE 250, 350, and 500 {mu}m observations from the Hi-GAL survey of the Galactic plane. The focus of this study is to identify the embedded massive star-forming population within G305, by combining far-infrared data with radio continuum, H2O maser, methanol maser, MIPS, and Red MSX Source survey data available from previous studies. By applying a frequentist technique we are able to identify a sample of the most likely associations within our multi-wavelength dataset, that can then be identified from the derived properties obtained from fitted spectral energy distributions (SEDs). By SED modelling using both a simple modified blackbody and fitting to a comprehensive grid of model SEDs, some 16 candidate associations are identified as embedded massive star-forming regions. We derive a two-selection colour criterion from this sample of log(F70/F500)geq 1 and log(F160/F350)geq 1.6 to identify an additional 31 embedded massive star candidates with no associated star-formation tracers. Using this result we can build a picture of the present day star-formation of the complex, and by extrapolating an initial mass function, suggest a current population of approx 2 times 10^4 young stellar objects (YSOs) present, corresponding to a star formation rate (SFR) of 0.01-0.02 Modot yr^-1. Comparing this resolved star formation rate, to extragalactic star formation rate tracers (based on the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation), we find the star formation activity is underestimated by a factor of geq 2 in comparison to the SFR derived from the YSO population.
The enormous radiative and mechanical luminosities of massive stars impact a vast range of scales and processes, from the reionization of the universe, to the evolution of galaxies, to the regulation of the interstellar medium, to the formation of star clusters, and even to the formation of planets around stars in such clusters. Two main classes of massive star formation theory are under active study, Core Accretion and Competitive Accretion. In Core Accretion, the initial conditions are self-gravitating, centrally concentrated cores that condense with a range of masses from the surrounding, fragmenting clump environment. They then undergo relatively ordered collapse via a central disk to form a single star or a small-N multiple. In this case, the pre-stellar core mass function has a similar form to the stellar initial mass function. In Competitive Accretion, the material that forms a massive star is drawn more chaotically from a wider region of the clump without passing through a phase of being in a massive, coherent core. In this case, massive star formation must proceed hand in hand with star cluster formation. If stellar densities become very high near the cluster center, then collisions between stars may also help to form the most massive stars. We review recent theoretical and observational progress towards understanding massive star formation, considering physical and chemical processes, comparisons with low and intermediate-mass stars, and connections to star cluster formation.
Log in to be able to interact and post comments
comments
Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
