Resonant excitation of atoms and ions in macroscopic cavities has lead to exceptional control over quanta of light. Translating these advantages into the solid state with emitters in microcavities promises revolutionary quantum technologies in information processing and metrology. Key is resonant optical reading and writing from the emitter-cavity system. However, it has been widely expected that the reflection of a resonant laser from a micro-fabricated wavelength-sized cavity would dominate any quantum signal. Here we demonstrate coherent photon scattering from a quantum dot in a micro-pillar. The cavity is shown to enhance the fraction of light which is resonantly scattered towards unity, generating anti-bunched indistinguishable photons a factor of 16 beyond the time-bandwidth limit, even when the transition is near saturation. Finally, deterministic excitation is used to create 2-photon N00N states with which we make super-resolving phase measurements in a photonic circuit.
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