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Register a new userA free boundary problem arising in PDE optimization
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A free boundary problem arising from the optimal reinforcement of a membrane or from the reduction of traffic congestion is considered; it is of the form $$sup_{int_Dtheta,dx=m} inf_{uin H^1_0(D)}int_DBig(frac{1+theta}{2}| abla u|^2-fuBig),dx.$$ We prove the existence of an optimal reinforcement $theta$ and that it has some higher integrability properties. We also provide some numerical computations for $theta$ and $u$.
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PDE-constrained optimization problems find many applications in medical image analysis, for example, neuroimaging, cardiovascular imaging, and oncological imaging. We review related literature and give examples on the formulation, discretization, and numerical solution of PDE-constrained optimization problems for medical imaging. We discuss three examples. The first one is image registration. The second one is data assimilation for brain tumor patients, and the third one data assimilation in cardiovascular imaging. The image registration problem is a classical task in medical image analysis and seeks to find pointwise correspondences between two or more images. The data assimilation problems use a PDE-constrained formulation to link a biophysical model to patient-specific data obtained from medical images. The associated optimality systems turn out to be sets of nonlinear, multicomponent PDEs that are challenging to solve in an efficient way. The ultimate goal of our work is the design of inversion methods that integrate complementary data, and rigorously follow mathematical and physical principles, in an attempt to support clinical decision making. This requires reliable, high-fidelity algorithms with a short time-to-solution. This task is complicated by model and data uncertainties, and by the fact that PDE-constrained optimization problems are ill-posed in nature, and in general yield high-dimensional, severely ill-conditioned systems after discretization. These features make regularization, effective preconditioners, and iterative solvers that, in many cases, have to be implemented on distributed-memory architectures to be practical, a prerequisite. We showcase state-of-the-art techniques in scientific computing to tackle these challenges.
In this paper, we study a free boundary problem, which arises from an optimal trading problem of a stock that is driven by a uncertain market status process. The free boundary problem is a variational inequality system of three functions with a degenerate operator. The main contribution of this paper is that we not only prove all the four switching free boundaries are no-overlapping, monotonic and $C^{infty}$-smooth, but also completely determine their relative localities and provide the optimal trading strategies for the stock trading problem.
We present designs for exponential stabilization of an ODE-heat PDE-ODE coupled system where the control actuation only acts in one ODE. The combination of PDE backstepping and ODE backstepping is employed in a state-feedback control law and in an observer that estimates PDE and two ODE states only using one PDE boundary measurement. Based on the state-feedback control law and the observer, the output-feedback control law is then proposed. The exponential stability of the closed-loop system and the boundedness and exponential convergence of the control law are proved via Lyapunov analysis. Finally, numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of this method for the `sandwiched system.
In this paper we provide a representation formula for boundary voltage perturbations caused by internal conductivity inhomogeneities of low volume fraction in a simplified {em monodomain model} describing the electric activity of the heart. We derive such a result in the case of a nonlinear problem. Our long-term goal is the solution of the inverse problem related to the detection of regions affected by heart ischemic disease, whose position and size are unknown. We model the presence of ischemic regions in the form of small inhomogeneities. This leads to the study of a boundary value problem for a semilinear elliptic equation. We first analyze the well-posedness of the problem establishing some key energy estimates. These allow us to derive rigorously an asymptotic formula of the boundary potential perturbation due to the presence of the inhomogeneities, following an approach similar to the one introduced by Capdeboscq and Vogelius in cite{capvoge} in the case of the linear conductivity equation. Finally, we propose some ideas of the reconstruction procedure that might be used to detect the inhomogeneities.
We consider the vectorial analogue of the thin free boundary problem introduced in cite{CRS} as a realization of a nonlocal version of the classical Bernoulli problem. We study optimal regularity, nondegeneracy, and density properties of local minimizers. Via a blow-up analysis based on a Weiss type monotonicity formula, we show that the free boundary is the union of a regular and a singular part. Finally we use a viscosity approach to prove $C^{1,alpha}$ regularity of the regular part of the free boundary.
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