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Register a new userRevealing Multiple Layers of Hidden Community Structure in Networks
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We introduce a new conception of community structure, which we refer to as hidden community structure. Hidden community structure refers to a specific type of overlapping community structure, in which the detection of weak, but meaningful, communities is hindered by the presence of stronger communities. We present Hidden Community Detection HICODE, an algorithm template that identifies both the strong, dominant community structure as well as the weaker, hidden community structure in networks. HICODE begins by first applying an existing community detection algorithm to a network, and then removing the structure of the detected communities from the network. In this way, the structure of the weaker communities becomes visible. Through application of HICODE, we demonstrate that a wide variety of real networks from different domains contain many communities that, though meaningful, are not detected by any of the popular community detection algorithms that we consider. Additionally, on both real and synthetic networks containing a hidden ground-truth community structure, HICODE uncovers this structure better than any baseline algorithms that we compared against. For example, on a real network of undergraduate students that can be partitioned either by `Dorm (residence hall) or `Year, we see that HICODE uncovers the weaker `Year communities with a JCRecall score (a recall-based metric that we define in the text) of over 0.7, while the baseline algorithms achieve scores below 0.2.
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We introduce a new paradigm that is important for community detection in the realm of network analysis. Networks contain a set of strong, dominant communities, which interfere with the detection of weak, natural community structure. When most of the members of the weak communities also belong to stronger communities, they are extremely hard to be uncovered. We call the weak communities the hidden community structure. We present a novel approach called HICODE (HIdden COmmunity DEtection) that identifies the hidden community structure as well as the dominant community structure. By weakening the strength of the dominant structure, one can uncover the hidden structure beneath. Likewise, by reducing the strength of the hidden structure, one can more accurately identify the dominant structure. In this way, HICODE tackles both tasks simultaneously. Extensive experiments on real-world networks demonstrate that HICODE outperforms several state-of-the-art community detection methods in uncovering both the dominant and the hidden structure. In the Facebook university social networks, we find multiple non-redundant sets of communities that are strongly associated with residential hall, year of registration or career position of the faculties or students, while the state-of-the-art algorithms mainly locate the dominant ground truth category. In the Due to the difficulty of labeling all ground truth communities in real-world datasets, HICODE provides a promising approach to pinpoint the existing latent communities and uncover communities for which there is no ground truth. Finding this unknown structure is an extremely important community detection problem.
Understanding the network structure, and finding out the influential nodes is a challenging issue in the large networks. Identifying the most influential nodes in the network can be useful in many applications like immunization of nodes in case of epidemic spreading, during intentional attacks on complex networks. A lot of research is done to devise centrality measures which could efficiently identify the most influential nodes in the network. There are two major approaches to the problem: On one hand, deterministic strategies that exploit knowledge about the overall network topology in order to find the influential nodes, while on the other end, random strategies are completely agnostic about the network structure. Centrality measures that can deal with a limited knowledge of the network structure are required. Indeed, in practice, information about the global structure of the overall network is rarely available or hard to acquire. Even if available, the structure of the network might be too large that it is too much computationally expensive to calculate global centrality measures. To that end, a centrality measure is proposed that requires information only at the community level to identify the influential nodes in the network. Indeed, most of the real-world networks exhibit a community structure that can be exploited efficiently to discover the influential nodes. We performed a comparative evaluation of prominent global deterministic strategies together with stochastic strategies with an available and the proposed deterministic community-based strategy. Effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated by performing experiments on synthetic and real-world networks with community structure in the case of immunization of nodes for epidemic control.
In many complex systems, networks and graphs arise in a natural manner. Often, time evolving behavior can be easily found and modeled using time-series methodology. Amongst others, two common research problems in network analysis are community detection and change-point detection. Community detection aims at finding specific sub-structures within the networks, and change-point detection tries to find the time points at which sub-structures change. We propose a novel methodology to detect both community structures and change points simultaneously based on a model selection framework in which the Minimum Description Length Principle (MDL) is utilized as minimizing objective criterion. The promising practical performance of the proposed method is illustrated via a series of numerical experiments and real data analysis.
Heterogeneous networks are networks consisting of different types of nodes and multiple types of edges linking such nodes. While community detection has been extensively developed as a useful technique for analyzing networks that contain only one type of nodes, very few community detection techniques have been developed for heterogeneous networks. In this paper, we propose a modularity based community detection framework for heterogeneous networks. Unlike existing methods, the proposed approach has the flexibility to treat the number of communities as an unknown quantity. We describe a Louvain type maximization method for finding the community structure that maximizes the modularity function. Our simulation results show the advantages of the proposed method over existing methods. Moreover, the proposed modularity function is shown to be consistent under a heterogeneous stochastic blockmodel framework. Analyses of the DBLP four-area dataset and a MovieLens dataset demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method.
Community detection and link prediction are both of great significance in network analysis, which provide very valuable insights into topological structures of the network from different perspectives. In this paper, we propose a novel community detection algorithm with inclusion of link prediction, motivated by the question whether link prediction can be devoted to improving the accuracy of community partition. For link prediction, we propose two novel indices to compute the similarity between each pair of nodes, one of which aims to add missing links, and the other tries to remove spurious edges. Extensive experiments are conducted on benchmark data sets, and the results of our proposed algorithm are compared with two classes of baseline. In conclusion, our proposed algorithm is competitive, revealing that link prediction does improve the precision of community detection.
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