No Arabic abstract
We study in this paper the jet schemes of the closure of nilpotent orbits in a finite-dimensional complex reductive Lie algebra. For the nilpotent cone, which is the closure of the regular nilpotent orbit, all the jet schemes are irreducible. This was first observed by Eisenbud and Frenkel, and follows from a strong result of Mustau{t}c{a} (2001). Using induction and restriction of little nilpotent orbits in reductive Lie algebras, we show that for a large number of nilpotent orbits, the jet schemes of their closure are reducible. As a consequence, we obtain certain geometrical properties of these nilpotent orbit closures.
Let G be a simple, simply-connected algebraic group over the complex numbers with Lie algebra $mathfrak g$. The main result of this article is a proof that each irreducible representation of the fundamental group of the orbit O through a nilpotent element $e in mathfrak g$ lifts to a representation of a Jacobson-Morozov parabolic subgroup of G associated to e. This result was shown in some cases by Barbasch and Vogan in their study of unipotent representations for complex groups and, in general, in an unpublished part of the authors doctoral thesis. In the last section of the article, we state two applications of this result, whose details will appear elsewhere: to answering a question of Lusztig regarding special pieces in the exceptional groups (joint work with Fu, Juteau, and Levy); and to computing the G-module structure of the sections of an irreducible local system on O. A key aspect of the latter application is some new cohomological statements that generalize those in earlier work of the author.
According to a well-known theorem of Brieskorn and Slodowy, the intersection of the nilpotent cone of a simple Lie algebra with a transverse slice to the subregular nilpotent orbit is a simple surface singularity. At the opposite extremity of the nilpotent cone, the closure of the minimal nilpotent orbit is also an isolated symplectic singularity, called a minimal singularity. For classical Lie algebras, Kraft and Procesi showed that these two types of singularities suffice to describe all generic singularities of nilpotent orbit closures: specifically, any such singularity is either a simple surface singularity, a minimal singularity, or a union of two simple surface singularities of type $A_{2k-1}$. In the present paper, we complete the picture by determining the generic singularities of all nilpotent orbit closures in exceptional Lie algebras (up to normalization in a few cases). We summarize the results in some graphs at the end of the paper. In most cases, we also obtain simple surface singularities or minimal singularities, though often with more complicated branching than occurs in the classical types. There are, however, six singularities which do not occur in the classical types. Three of these are unibranch non-normal singularities: an $SL_2(mathbb C)$-variety whose normalization is ${mathbb A}^2$, an $Sp_4(mathbb C)$-variety whose normalization is ${mathbb A}^4$, and a two-dimensional variety whose normalization is the simple surface singularity $A_3$. In addition, there are three 4-dimensional isolated singularities each appearing once. We also study an intrinsic symmetry action on the singularities, in analogy with Slodowys work for the regular nilpotent orbit.
We determine which nilpotent orbits in $E_6$ have normal closure and which do not. We also verify a conjecture about small representations in rings of functions on nilpotent orbit covers for type $E_6$.
Every conic symplectic singularity admits a universal Poisson deformation and a universal filtered quantization, thanks to the work of Losev and Namikawa. We begin this paper by showing that every such variety admits a universal equivariant Poisson deformation and universal equivariant quantization with respect to any group acting on it by $mathbb{C}^times$-equivariant Poisson automorphisms. We go on to study these definitions in the context of nilpotent Slodowy slices. First we give a complete description of the cases in which the finite $W$-algebra is the universal filtered quantization of the slice, building on the work of Lehn--Namikawa--Sorger. This leads to a near-complete classification of the filtered quantizations of nilpotent Slodowy slices. The subregular slices in non-simply-laced Lie algebras are especially interesting: with some minor restrictions on Dynkin type we prove that the finite $W$-algebra is the universal equivariant quantization with respect to the Dynkin automorphisms coming from the unfolding of the Dynkin diagram. This can be seen as a non-commutative analogue of Slodowys theorem. Finally we apply this result to give a presentation of the subregular finite $W$-algebra in type B as a quotient of a shifted Yangian.
For the classical groups, Kraft and Procesi have resolved the question of which nilpotent orbits have closures which are normal and which are not, with the exception of the very even orbits in $D_{2l}$ which have partition of the form $(a^{2k}, b^2)$ for $a, b$ distinct even natural numbers with $a k + b = 2 l$. In this article, we show that these orbits do have normal closure.