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Register a new userCurve counting on K3 x E, the Igusa cusp form chi_{10}, and descendent integration
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Let S be a nonsingular projective K3 surface. Motivated by the study of the Gromov-Witten theory of the Hilbert scheme of points of S, we conjecture a formula for the Gromov-Witten theory (in all curve classes) of the Calabi-Yau 3-fold S x E where E is an elliptic curve. In the primitive case, our conjecture is expressed in terms of the Igusa cusp form chi_{10} and matches a prediction via heterotic duality by Katz, Klemm, and Vafa. In imprimitive cases, our conjecture suggests a new structure for the complete theory of descendent integration for K3 surfaces. Via the Gromov-Witten/Pairs correspondence, a conjecture for the reduced stable pairs theory of S x E is also presented. Speculations about the motivic stable pairs theory of S x E are made. The reduced Gromov-Witten theory of the Hilbert scheme of points of S is much richer than S x E. The 2-point function of Hilb(S,d) determines a matrix with trace equal to the partition function of S x E. A conjectural form for the full matrix is given.
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We work on a projective threefold $X$ which satisfies the Bogomolov-Gieseker conjecture of Bayer-Macr`i-Toda, such as $mathbb P^3$ or the quintic threefold. We prove certain moduli spaces of 2-dimensional torsion sheaves on $X$ are smooth bundles over Hilbert schemes of ideal sheaves of curves and points in $X$. When $X$ is Calabi-Yau this gives a simple wall crossing formula expressing curve counts (and so ultimately Gromov-Witten invariants) in terms of counts of D4-D2-D0 branes. These latter invariants are predicted to have modular properties which we discuss from the point of view of S-duality and Noether-Lefschetz theory.
We slightly extend a previous result concerning the injectivity of a map of moduli spaces and we use this result to construct curves whose Brill-Noether loci have unexpected dimension.
For a nonsingular projective 3-fold $X$, we define integer invariants virtually enumerating pairs $(C,D)$ where $Csubset X$ is an embedded curve and $Dsubset C$ is a divisor. A virtual class is constructed on the associated moduli space by viewing a pair as an object in the derived category of $X$. The resulting invariants are conjecturally equivalent, after universal transformations, to both the Gromov-Witten and DT theories of $X$. For Calabi-Yau 3-folds, the latter equivalence should be viewed as a wall-crossing formula in the derived category. Several calculations of the new invariants are carried out. In the Fano case, the local contributions of nonsingular embedded curves are found. In the local toric Calabi-Yau case, a completely new form of the topological vertex is described. The virtual enumeration of pairs is closely related to the geometry underlying the BPS state counts of Gopakumar and Vafa. We prove that our integrality predictions for Gromov-Witten invariants agree with the BPS integrality. Conversely, the BPS geometry imposes strong conditions on the enumeration of pairs.
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The slope of the moduli space of genus g curves is bounded from below by 60/(g+4) via a descendent calculation.
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