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Register a new userMercury Monohalides: Suitability for Electron Electric Dipole Moment Searches
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Added by
Srinivasa Prasannaa V
Publication date
2014
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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Heavy polar diatomic molecules are the primary tools for searching for the T-violating permanent electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM). Valence electrons in some molecules experience extremely large effective electric fields due to relativistic interactions. These large effective electric fields are crucial to the success of polar-molecule-based eEDM search experiments. Here we report on the results of relativistic ab initio calculations of the effective electric fields in a series of molecules that are highly sensitive to an eEDM, the mercury monohalides (HgF, HgCl, HgBr,and HgI). We study the influence of the halide anions on effective electric field, and identify HgBr and HgI as interesting candidates for future electric dipole moment search experiments.
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Permanent electric dipole moments (EDMs) of fundamental particles such as the electron are signatures of parity and time-reversal violation due to physics beyond the standard model. EDM measurements probe new physics at energy scales well beyond the reach of present-day colliders. Recent advances in assembling molecules from ultracold atoms have opened up new opportunities for improving the reach of EDM experiments. But better measurement techniques, that are not limited by the magnetic field sensitivity of such molecules, are necessary before these opportunities can be fully exploited. We present a technique that takes advantage of magnetically-insensitive hyperfine clock transitions in polar molecules, and offers new ways to improve both the precision and accuracy of EDM searches with ultracold assembled molecules.
Recent improvements in experimental techniques for preparing ultracold molecules that contain alkali atoms (e.g., Li, Na, and K) have been reported. Based on these advances in ultracold molecules, new searches for the electric dipole moment of the electron and the scalar-pseudoscalar interaction can be proposed on such systems. We calculate the effective electric fields (Eeff) and the S-PS coefficients (Ws) of SrA and HgA (A = Li, Na, and K) molecules at the Dirac-Fock (DF) and the relativistic coupled cluster (RCC) levels. We elaborate on the following points: i) Basis set dependence of the molecular properties in HgA, ii) Analysis of Eeff and Ws in SrA and HgA, and comparison with their fluoride and hydride counterparts, iii) Ratio of Ws to Eeff (Ws/Eeff) at the DF and the correlation RCC levels of theory.
We investigate the merits of a measurement of the permanent electric dipole moment of the electron ($e$EDM) with barium monofluoride molecules, thereby searching for phenomena of CP violation beyond those incorporated in the Standard Model of particle physics. Although the BaF molecule has a smaller enhancement factor in terms of the effective electric field than other molecules used in current studies (YbF, ThO and ThF$^+$), we show that a competitive measurement is possible by combining Stark-deceleration, laser-cooling and an intense primary cold source of BaF molecules. With the long coherent interaction times obtainable in a cold beam of BaF, a sensitivity of $5times10^{-30}$ e$cdot$cm for an $e$EDM is feasible. We describe the rationale, the challenges and the experimental methods envisioned to achieve this target.
A Cs fountain electron electric dipole moment (EDM) experiment using electric-field quantization is demonstrated. With magnetic fields reduced to 200 pT or less, the electric field lifts the degeneracy between hyperfine levels of different|mF| and, along with the slow beam and fountain geometry, suppresses systematics from motional magnetic fields. Transitions are induced and the atoms polarized and analyzed in field-free regions. The feasibility of reaching a sensitivity to an electron EDM of 2 x 10 exp(-50) C-m [1.3 x 10 exp(-29) e-cm] in a cesium fountain experiment is discussed.
If electrons had an electric dipole moment (EDM) they would induce EDMs of atoms. The ratio of the atomic EDM to the electron EDM for a particular atom is called the enhancement factor, R. We calculate the enhancement factor for the francium and gold atoms, with the results 910 plus/minus 5% for Fr and 260 plus/minus 15% for Au. The large values of these enhancement factors make these atoms attractive for electron EDM measurements, and hence the search for time-reversal invariance violation.
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